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13 min 32 sec
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Advice Not Given: A Guide to Getting Over Yourself

Psychiatrist Mark Epstein shows how Buddhist practice and psychotherapy both loosen the ego's grip, helping you question harsh self-talk, calm anxious loops and use meditation to engage with life more fully.

Table of Content

If you live with a harsh inner critic and keep chasing a calm that never lasts, Mark Epstein offers an unexpected diagnosis: the trouble is not too little self-esteem but too much self. In Advice Not Given, the New York psychiatrist argues that the Buddha and Freud, separated by centuries and continents, reached the same verdict. An unchecked ego is what limits human well-being.

Epstein wrote the book after 35 years of psychiatric practice and some 40 years after a freshman religion class at Harvard first introduced him to Buddhism. His case is that the ego cannot be switched off, and should not be. It can be watched, questioned and loosened, and meditation, practiced without strain and without hiding from life, is one of the best ways to do that. He builds the argument on the Buddha’s Eightfold Path, read through a therapist’s eyes. The ideas below show how to catch the ego’s favorite stories, answer them fairly and put just enough effort into practice that it changes the way you live.

Most people think the ego belongs to the show-offs in the room. Epstein argues it also lives in the quiet voice that says you are never enough, and that voice tells a very old story.

A hermit who had meditated alone in a cave for four years asked the Dalai Lama what to do next. The reply was three blunt words, and it sent him back out into the world to work for village women.

Between a painful feeling and the thing you do about it, there is usually no gap at all. A therapist’s trick and a meditator’s habit turn out to create the same small, life-saving pause.

A woman at an architectural firm fought her partner again and again over cups of tea and scattered papers. A woman carried shame from age eleven for years. Both found that the story they told themselves was not the true one.

Trying harder seems like the obvious way to meditate better. In the Tibetan tradition Epstein met, people strained so much that their practice produced its own anxiety disorder.

A man practiced mindfulness at every tense dinner with his wife, and nothing between them improved. Epstein’s advice was simple and a little uncomfortable, and it applies to anyone using calm as cover.

What Epstein offers is permission to stop trying so hard to fix yourself. The ego will keep talking. It formed when you were small, it wants control, and it will tell you that you are the problem as readily as it tells you that you are the best. His answer, drawn from a Buddha who sent monks into town every day and a psychiatry that helps people relax against their own perfectionism, is to study that voice until it no longer runs the house. He echoes the thirteenth-century Zen priest Dogen, who taught that studying the self leads to forgetting the self. Getting over yourself, in this sense, means the judge stays, but you stop believing every verdict and can meet it with a little humor.

That can start this week with ten minutes of attention on the breath or on sounds, held lightly, with no forcing. When a harsh sentence about yourself appears, ask whether it is a fact or an old story, and rewrite it until it is accurate. And notice when calm has become a hiding place, then go and have the conversation you have been avoiding.

The hermit in the cave did not need more silence. He needed a life, and so do the rest of us.

About this book

What is this book about?

Many people carry a constant inner critic, chase calm that never lasts and wonder why self-improvement leaves them more anxious. Mark Epstein, a New York psychiatrist who has practiced Buddhist meditation for decades, says the root problem is the ego. He means more than the boastful self. The voice that insists the problem is me is the ego too. His central argument is that the Buddha and Freud reached the same conclusion from opposite ends of the world: leaning too hard on the ego causes suffering. Neither tradition tries to destroy it, since we need an ego to function. Both try to change our relationship with it. Epstein organizes the book around the Buddha's Eightfold Path, reading each step, from Right View to Right Concentration, through a therapist's eyes. Readers get a practical, humane way to use meditation. Epstein treats it as a way to see the ego's stories, rewrite unfair self-talk, tune effort so practice does not become one more source of stress, and walk back into relationships and responsibilities with more honesty. His evidence comes from his patients, his friends and Buddhist teaching stories.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Mental Health & Wellbeing, Mindfulness & Meditation

Topics:

Emotion Regulation, Meditation, Mindfulness, Self-Awareness

Publisher:

Penguin Random House

Language:

English

Narrator:

Hannah

First published:

January 1, 2018

Pages:

224

Length:

13 min 32 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Doubting more self-improvement

    People with a relentless inner critic who suspect more self-improvement is not the answer.

  • When meditation becomes strain

    Meditators whose practice has turned into another source of strain or a place to hide.

  • Exploring Buddhism with therapy

    Anyone curious how Buddhist ideas and psychotherapy can work together on anxiety, shame and relationship conflict.

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About the Author

Mark Epstein

Mark Epstein, born in 1953, is an American psychiatrist with a private practice in New York City. He earned both his undergraduate and medical degrees at Harvard University. His writing explores where Buddhist teachings and psychotherapy meet, bringing the Buddha's ideas together with Sigmund Freud's approaches to trauma. His other books include Thoughts Without a Thinker and The Trauma of Everyday Life, which reads the Buddha's spiritual search in light of childhood trauma.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4.2

Overall score based on 94 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find the work beneficial and well-crafted, with many valuing its perspectives on Buddhism and how to navigate life's challenges. It is characterized as an accessible yet thought-provoking listen, and one listener points out its skillful blending of Buddhism and psychotherapy. The book features quality anecdotes and acts as a helpful resource, with one listener highlighting its practical approach to coping. Listeners express differing views regarding the book's overall length.

Top reviews

Araya

The chapter on Right Speech changed my entire perspective on how I interact with myself. Gotta say, I never realized that the way I talk to my own mind is just as important as how I speak to others. Epstein uses his background in Freudian psychotherapy to breathe new life into the Eightfold Path, making it feel applicable to 21st-century neuroses. It is a short, punchy read that doesn't waste your time with fluff. Some might find the patient stories a bit repetitive, but I found them essential for grounded understanding. The idea that we are human because of our suffering, not in spite of it, really stuck with me. If you’re tired of the sugary version of mindfulness and want something that actually addresses the ego, this is it. It’s an easy read that manages to challenge your fundamental worldview in under 200 pages. Highly recommended for those seeking a deeper psychological bridge.

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Oscar

Mindfulness isn't always the warm, grounding bath that modern wellness influencers sell us. Not gonna lie, I was relieved to see Epstein acknowledge that meditation can be deeply unsettling. It brings down the walls we’ve built to survive, and sometimes what’s behind those walls is scary. This book isn't a panacea for a bad job or a sudden loss. Instead, it’s a guide on how to stay present when things suck. I loved the breakdown of Right View and how it applies to our inner monologue. Don't be a jerk to yourself! That sounds so simple, yet it's the hardest thing to practice. The book is skillfully written and serves as a vital reminder that the goal isn't 'perfection.' The goal is to be awake to the unexpected. This is one of those rare books I’ll keep on my nightstand to revisit when my ego starts acting up again.

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Anucha

Ever wonder why your ego constantly screams for attention? Epstein tackles this head-on by framing the Buddhist path as a way to 'get over yourself.' Look, it isn't always a comfortable read, but it is a necessary one. I appreciated the insight that the ego is a tool that often becomes a cage. The stories about his patients illustrate how we hide behind our practices—like the man who used mindfulness to ignore his wife at dinner. That specific anecdote hit home for me. We often use 'spirituality' as a shield rather than a bridge. The book is brief, which I liked, though I do wish he had dived deeper into the 'Right Effort' section. It felt a little vague compared to the rest. Still, it’s a solid guide for anyone trying to navigate life's inevitable suffering without becoming a total jerk to themselves.

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Dylan

Mark Epstein manages to weave the Eightfold Path into modern therapeutic sessions with surprising ease. I found his discussion on 'Right Concentration' particularly enlightening. He argues that concentration should loosen the ego's grip, not just provide an escape from the world. Personally, I've used meditation as a protective wall before, and this book called me out on that. It's a provocative interpretation that forces you to look at your motivations. The writing is accessible and friendly, never feeling like a lecture from on high. My only gripe is that some of the therapeutic stories felt a little detached from the Buddhist lessons he was trying to illustrate. Still, the core message about the ego being the root of our suffering is delivered effectively. It’s a thought-provoking read that I’ve already recommended to a couple of friends in therapy.

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Yok

After hearing about Epstein’s work for years, I was glad to find his tone so accessible and human. This isn't a book about reaching some antiseptic state of perfection. It’s about being willing to linger on suffering long enough to actually understand it. Frankly, most of us spend our lives running away from discomfort, but this book argues for staying put. I especially liked the section on Right Motivation—engaging fully with life rather than trying to purify it. The prose is clear, though some sentences are a bit long-winded and academic. It's a skillful blend of two very different worlds. Even if you aren't into Freud, there is plenty of wisdom here about the stories we tell ourselves. It’s an easy read that offers practical coping mechanisms without promising a quick fix. Solid 4 stars for being both grounded and aspirational.

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Samart

This book is a compact guide for those tired of the 'newspaper' version of mindfulness that’s everywhere lately. Instead of just telling you to breathe and relax, Epstein explains why your ego is making you miserable. The title 'Advice Not Given' is perfect because it reflects the subtle way he guides the reader. Truth is, the most important lessons are the ones you realize yourself through the practice. I found the stories about his patients to be the highlight, even if the one about Reich was a bit odd. They provide a 'real-world' mirror for the Buddhist concepts. It’s a short book, but it gives you a lot to ponder. If you want a mix of Freud and Buddha that doesn't feel like a textbook, give this a shot. It helped me realize that being 'special' is often just a fancy way of being stressed.

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Komsan

Finally got around to reading this and found the section on 'Right Action' particularly resonant. Epstein frames it as behaving ritualistically to bypass the ego's demand for instant gratification. That’s a powerful way to look at daily habits. The book isn't very long, which makes the density of the ideas easier to digest. To be fair, it’s not a manual on how to meditate; it’s more of a philosophy on how to live. I appreciated the honesty about how mindfulness can be 'too much' without professional support. It’s a refreshing change from the usual 'just meditate your problems away' narrative. While I didn't love every chapter—the one on Right Effort felt a bit fuzzy—the overall impact was positive. It’s a well-written, insightful guide for anyone dealing with the challenges of everyday life. Definitely worth a spot on your shelf.

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Aisha

Picked this up on a whim because I wanted a bridge between Western therapy and Eastern meditation. In my experience, the book serves as a decent introduction but lacks a certain 'meatiness' I was hoping for. The blending of Freud and Buddha is a fascinating concept, yet it feels a bit surface-level in places. It’s not as practical as Jon Kabat-Zinn’s work, nor as academic as other psychological texts. To be fair, Epstein writes beautifully, and the book flows well. I just didn't walk away feeling like I had a new toolkit. I learned that the ego is the source of my stress—shocker—but the 'how-to' of dismantling it felt thin. It’s a good 'commuter read' for someone new to these ideas. If you’ve already read extensively in this niche, you might find yourself skimming a lot. It's okay, just not revolutionary.

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Fang

As someone who prefers a more traditional approach to Buddhism, this felt a little too much like 'pop psychology' at times. I appreciate what Epstein is trying to do by making these ancient concepts accessible. However, I found myself agreeing with other reviewers who suggested just reading the original sutras. The author's takes on the Eightfold Path are interesting, but they are heavily filtered through a Freudian lens that doesn't always fit. For instance, the section on Right Livelihood felt a bit more like a career coaching session than a spiritual teaching. Not that the advice is bad—it’s actually quite helpful—it just lacks the 'airtight' feel of traditional dharma. It's a short read, and the patient stories are well-told, but it left me wanting more substance. It’s a 3-star read for me: good for a flight, but maybe not for a deep study.

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Taw

Honestly, the title promised a punch that the actual text failed to deliver. I found the book incredibly boring and struggled to stay engaged with the repetitive patient anecdotes. Frankly, the author’s inclusion of Wilhelm Reich teaching a patient how to flirt felt bizarre and poorly explained. Why include such a controversial figure without addressing the darker allegations surrounding his practice? It felt like a distraction from the actual Buddhist teachings. If you are looking for a rigorous exploration of the Dhammapada or Zen, this will likely feel like lightweight, new-age nonsense. The writing style is fine, but the content lacks the scientific weight of someone like Robert Wright. Truth is, I spent most of the time wondering when he would get to the 'advice.' It’s a side-eye from me for sure. Skip this and go straight to the primary sources if you want real depth.

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Questions about this book

Epstein argues that Buddhism and Western psychotherapy share one insight: leaning too hard on the ego causes suffering. Neither tradition wants to destroy the ego, which we need to function. Both aim to change our relationship to it so it stops running our lives. He builds the book around the Buddha’s Eightfold Path, reading each step through his experience as a psychiatrist.

For Epstein it means not fully identifying with the ego’s judgments. The critical voice does not disappear, but you can watch it, question it, meet it with humor and take a backward step. He stresses that low self-esteem, the story that the problem is me, is just as much ego as arrogance, so getting over yourself applies to self-critics too.

He presents them as working side by side. Therapy relies on a part of the self that observes inner life, and meditation trains the mind to watch itself in a similar way. His patient Kate used meditation to see that her anger over a messy house was really about feeling uncared for, much as therapy might reveal. He also warns against expecting too much from meditation.

Begin with short concentration sessions of five to ten minutes on the breath or on sounds, returning attention gently whenever it drifts. Do not force deeper breathing or perfect focus, since Epstein warns that straining can create anxiety. When a harsh thought about yourself appears, check whether it is accurate. And use your practice to face difficult conversations instead of hiding from them.

It suits people who struggle with a harsh inner critic, meditators who feel their practice has become rigid or escapist, and readers interested in where Buddhist psychology meets psychotherapy. Its stories of patients, friends and teachers, including a hermit advised by the Dalai Lama, make abstract ideas about the ego concrete and usable.

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Advice Not Given

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