The First Conspiracy: The Secret Plot to Kill George Washington
The true story of a 1776 plot in which New York's British governor bribed George Washington's own bodyguards, and how a chance confession in a jail cell exposed it before it could succeed.

Table of Content
1. Introduction
1 min 01 sec
Most people know the birth of the United States as a string of heroic snapshots, and few learn how close it came to losing its first general to his own bodyguards. In The First Conspiracy, Brad Meltzer and Josh Mensch tell the true story of a 1776 plot in which the British governor of New York paid soldiers sworn to protect George Washington to betray him. Nobody clever stopped it. A boast between prisoners in a New York jail gave it away.
The authors use this episode to show what the heroic version leaves out. Washington’s first real danger was never only the redcoats he could see across a field. It was loyalty itself, which in this war could be declared, bought and switched overnight. Follow the story from a nervous Congress in Philadelphia to a hanging watched by 20,000 people, and the Revolution stops looking inevitable. It starts to look like what it was: a fragile bet on who could be trusted.
2. See why cautious delegates still built an army
1 min 54 sec
In the spring of 1775, most colonial leaders were not ready for a war with Britain. Yet they took a step that made one far more likely, and it set the stage for everything that followed.
3. Restraint and readiness won Washington his command
1 min 49 sec
While other delegates lobbied loudly for the top military post, one man walked out of the room. The qualities that made his rivals look small are worth studying by anyone who wants to be trusted with authority.
4. Know the enemy who answered protest with terror
1 min 51 sec
Before he ever faced Washington, the governor of New York had already shown how he treated colonists who questioned the Crown. What happened to a group of North Carolina farmers reveals the stakes of the whole rebellion.
5. Spot the danger when loyalty can be bought
1 min 58 sec
In most wars, you can tell friend from enemy by language, faith or birthplace. In this one, even Washington’s top generals and the British commander’s own wife were open to suspicion.
6. Follow the bribes that reached Washington's bodyguards
1 min 42 sec
A governor hiding on a ship, a gunsmith making night trips out to it and money for bribes. The conspiracy that grew from them got closer to Washington than any British soldier ever did.
7. Learn how a jailhouse boast exposed the plot
1 min 38 sec
No spy uncovered the conspiracy and no officer raised the alarm. The warning came from a man accused of faking money, who saw in a conversation with two cellmates a chance to win his freedom.
8. What one hanging taught a new nation about loyalty
1 min 42 sec
Twenty thousand people gathered in New York to watch a single soldier die. The authors argue that this execution changed what the word traitor meant in America, and that the crowd was the whole purpose.
9. Conclusion
1 min 15 sec
The First Conspiracy turns a familiar founding story inside out. The most serious threat to George Washington in his first year of command never came charging across a battlefield. It came through a gunsmith traveling out to a ship after dark, through soldiers drinking in New York taverns, and through at least five men whose job was to stand closest to him. Meltzer and Mensch show a revolution held together by declared loyalty, in a war where declarations could be bought.
That picture is what stays with you. Washington won his command through restraint and plain speech, then nearly lost his life to people who said the right things. The rebels were rescued by a counterfeiter’s self-interest, and they answered by making the cost of betrayal impossible to miss in front of 20,000 witnesses.
If you lead people, the story suggests watching the circle closest to you as carefully as the rivals in plain view, and treating loyalty as something you keep renewing, since anyone can declare it. And when history arrives as a string of heroic scenes, look for the near misses behind them. That June, the first threat to the new nation wore the uniform of its own defenders.
About this book
What is this book about?
The founding of the United States is usually told as a series of heroic scenes. Brad Meltzer and Josh Mensch tell a darker and less familiar one. In 1776, during his first year commanding the Continental army, George Washington was the target of a conspiracy that reached the soldiers assigned to keep him alive. The authors follow the story from a cautious Congress in Philadelphia, which chose Washington to lead the new army, to William Tryon, the British governor of New York. Tryon had already crushed a farmers' protest in North Carolina with gunfire and death sentences. From a ship off New York harbor he paid a gunsmith named Gilbert Forbes to buy the loyalty of more than a hundred Continental soldiers, at least five of them from Washington's personal guard. The plot collapsed by chance, when two bragging prisoners in a New York jail gave it away. One of them, Thomas Hickey, was hanged in front of 20,000 people. Readers get a fast, concrete account of how fragile the Revolution was, and why loyalty in a war of shifting sides had to be won, tested and enforced.
Book Information
Who it's for
History fans
History readers who know the Revolution only through its famous battles and speeches.
Leaders curious about trust
Leaders and managers curious about how trust and betrayal work inside a team under pressure.
Wanting a real conspiracy
Fans of true crime and espionage who want a real conspiracy with a documented ending.
About the Author
Brad Meltzer
Brad Meltzer studied at the University of Michigan and Columbia Law School and began as a bestselling thriller writer with The Tenth Justice. He has hosted the History Channel show Brad Meltzer's Decoded and won an Eisner Award for his comics. Josh Mensch writes historical nonfiction and produces documentary television about history and culture; he graduated from Princeton University. Together they have written four books on key moments in American history, including The Lincoln Conspiracy, The Nazi Conspiracy and The JFK Conspiracy.
Ratings & Reviews
Ratings at a glance
What people think
Listeners find the work a gripping narrative filled with well-sourced content and intriguing details about the American Revolution, drawn from historical records. Additionally, the writing quality is highly regarded, with one listener mentioning the exhaustive research involved in its creation. However, reactions to the pacing are mixed; while some describe it as fast-moving, others feel the story drags, and several listeners note that the prose is repetitive.
Top reviews
Ever wonder why we don't hear more about the internal threats George Washington faced during the early days of the Revolution? This book answers that question with a gripping, pulse-pounding narrative that feels more like a modern political thriller than a dry history text. Meltzer and Mensch have clearly done their homework, utilizing primary sources like journals and committee records to reconstruct a plot that almost ended the war before it truly started. I found the details about Governor William Tryon and the secret committee in New York to be particularly enlightening. The short chapters and frequent 'cliffhangers' kept me turning pages late into the night. While some might find the style a bit sensational, I think it’s the perfect way to bring these pivotal moments to life for people who might usually avoid the history section of the bookstore. It is a meticulous, well-documented look at a terrifying moment in our nation's birth.
Show moreMeltzer and Mensch have done a remarkable job digging through primary sources to bring a relatively obscure piece of history into the limelight. I was blown away by the sheer amount of research that went into documenting the various turncoats and spies operating in New York during the early stages of the war. Most books focus on the big battles, but this one looks at the shadows, and it is absolutely riveting. The prose is fast-paced and accessible, making it easy to devour in just a couple of sittings. I particularly liked how they explored the alternate history possibilities—what would have happened if the kidnapping or assassination plot had actually succeeded? It really puts the stakes of the Revolution into a new perspective. If you enjoy learning about the darker, more conspiratorial side of American history, you cannot miss this one. It's a masterclass in how to make non-fiction engaging without sacrificing historical integrity.
Show moreWow, I never realized how close the American experiment came to ending before it even truly began. This book manages to sustain a level of suspense that is honestly impressive considering we already know the ending. The authors do a fantastic job of illustrating the chaos of 1776 New York—the loyalist pockets, the underground networks, and the general feeling of paranoia. I loved the meticulous attention to detail regarding the secret committee and their interrogation techniques. It’s clear that a massive amount of archival work went into this project. Some might find the short, punchy sentences a bit simplistic, but I thought they served the 'thriller' vibe perfectly. It’s an engaging, informative, and ultimately inspiring look at how Washington navigated the most treacherous waters of his career. I'll definitely be looking for more of Meltzer's non-fiction after finishing this one.
Show moreThis book manages to maintain a breakneck pace while clearly demonstrating the meticulous research that went into every page. The way the authors piece together the clues of the first conspiracy is nothing short of brilliant. They take obscure journal entries and official records and weave them into a story that feels immediate and dangerous. Personally, I enjoyed the present-tense narrative because it made the historical events feel like they were happening in real time. The focus on minor players who were nearly lost to history adds a layer of depth that most textbooks lack. Even though the authors admit the plot may have been for kidnapping rather than assassination, the threat to Washington—and the cause of independence—was undeniably real. It’s a compelling, well-documented, and thoroughly entertaining read for anyone with even a passing interest in American history. Highly recommended for the storytelling alone!
Show moreAs someone who usually finds Revolutionary War history a bit dry, I was pleasantly surprised by how much this felt like a modern political thriller. The narrative centers on a little-known plot involving Washington’s own inner circle, and the level of detail regarding the New York City setting in 1776 is impressive. You can tell the authors poured over historical documents to ensure the facts were straight. That being said, I have to agree with some other readers that the pacing can be a bit repetitive. They tend to re-introduce characters and recap the previous chapter's ending more than necessary. It’s like they’re writing for a television audience that might have missed the last episode. Still, the core story is so compelling that I was able to overlook the 'History Channel' style of writing. It’s a solid, informative read that highlights just how fragile the American cause really was at the beginning.
Show morePicked this up on a whim after seeing it on a 'best of' list, and while it isn't perfect, it’s a solid piece of pop-history. The book does an excellent job of detailing the tension in New York City when the British fleet arrived. I never realized how much of a 'tin foil hat' atmosphere there was back then, with plots and counter-plots happening in every tavern. My only real gripe is the redundancy; I felt like I was being reminded of the same three facts every ten pages. Do we really need to be told why a 'woman of ill repute' was relevant three different times? Despite that, the actual historical content is top-notch. The authors managed to find some truly obscure figures and give them their moment in the sun. It’s a compelling read that manages to be informative without being overwhelming, which is a rare feat for books about the 1700s.
Show moreAfter hearing so much buzz about this 'hidden' history, I decided to see if the hype was real. Truth is, the story of the conspiracy is absolutely wild. The idea that Washington's own guards were plotting against him is the stuff of movies, and the authors lean into that cinematic feel heavily. I appreciated the inclusion of so many primary source quotes, as it helped ground the more dramatic claims in actual reality. While the pacing is generally fast, it does drag in the middle when they start repeating the same biographies of minor players. I also found the 'cliffhanger' sentences at the end of every chapter a bit cheesy, but I suppose that's just Meltzer's style. Overall, it’s a very well-documented account of a forgotten crisis. It’s perfect for a weekend read if you want to learn something new about the American Revolution without feeling like you're studying for a mid-term.
Show moreThe chapter on the Hickey Plot was definitely a highlight, though the narrative style left something to be desired. Frankly, the constant foreshadowing at the end of every single chapter started to grate on my nerves by the halfway point. We all know George Washington survives, so trying to build life-or-death suspense around his potential assassination feels a bit redundant. I did enjoy learning about the 'Life Guards' and the role of the secret committee, but the writing often felt too simplistic for an adult non-fiction book. The authors frequently use italics for emphasis in a way that feels like they’re shouting at you. It’s a decent introductory text for someone who knows nothing about the period, but seasoned history buffs might find the lack of deep analysis on the 'Providence' aspect of Washington’s leadership a bit shallow. It’s a mixed bag—great info, mediocre execution.
Show moreLook, the subject matter is absolutely fascinating, but the delivery is where this book stumbles for me. I wanted a deep dive into the 1776 conspiracy against George Washington, yet I felt like I was being treated like a middle schooler. The authors have this habit of over-explaining everything; they defined 'loyalist' multiple times and even 'translated' colonial quotes that were perfectly clear on their own. It’s a shame because the research into the Hickey Plot and the Life Guards is clearly extensive. However, the constant use of present tense to manufacture tension just felt forced and gimmicky. I appreciate the effort to make history accessible to a wider audience, but you shouldn't have to dumb down the language to do it. It's a quick read, but the repetitious nature of the prose made me want to skim through large chunks just to get to the actual facts.
Show moreTo be fair, I went into this expecting a serious historical analysis, but what I got felt more like a sensationalized script for a basic cable documentary. The writing is incredibly inferior, bordering on juvenile. Why is everything written in the present tense? It’s a cheap tactic to create tension that simply doesn’t work in a non-fiction setting. Even worse, the authors admit in the text that there is no hard evidence of a plot to actually *kill* Washington, yet they put it right there in the title anyway just to sell books. That kind of sensationalism is exactly what's wrong with modern pop-history. It's repetitive, it's 'dumbed down' for people who apparently can't understand basic colonial English, and it lacks any real scholarly depth. If you want to learn about the Culper Ring or Washington’s spies, read a book with actual substance instead of this tabloid-style fluff.
Show moreQuestions about this book
What is The First Conspiracy about?
Brad Meltzer and Josh Mensch tell the true story of a 1776 plot against George Washington. William Tryon, the British governor of New York, used a gunsmith named Gilbert Forbes to bribe more than a hundred Continental soldiers, including at least five of Washington’s Life Guards. The plan collapsed when two of the guards boasted about it in a New York jail, and one of them, Thomas Hickey, was hanged.
Who was behind the plot to kill George Washington?
The authors place William Tryon at the center. He was New York’s governor and a loyal servant of the Crown who had earlier crushed North Carolina farmers known as the Regulators. Living on a ship off New York harbor for his own safety, he funded the bribes through Gilbert Forbes, who recruited soldiers through a hidden network of Loyalists.
How was the conspiracy against Washington discovered?
By chance. In June 1776 a prisoner named Isaac Ketcham, jailed for counterfeiting, heard two new cellmates claim they were Life Guards involved in the plot. Hoping to win his release, Ketcham wrote to the New York Provincial Congress and testified on June 17. The two soldiers were identified as Michael Lynch and Thomas Hickey.
Why was Thomas Hickey's execution important?
According to the authors, Hickey’s case was the first in which a court treated treason as a crime against America rather than against Britain. He was hanged on June 28, 1776, before about 20,000 people, the largest crowd at any American public execution up to then. The public setting was meant to warn everyone that betraying Washington would be punished.
What lessons does The First Conspiracy offer today?
The book shows how fragile a cause becomes when loyalty can be declared and switched at will, as it was in a war where even senior generals had changed sides. It suggests that the people closest to a leader matter most, that trust has to be renewed and checked, and that history often turns on chance and self-interest as much as on heroism.
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