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13 min 52 sec
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Inventing the Future: Postcapitalism and a World Without Work

Srnicek and Williams explain why marches and ethical shopping rarely change much, how neoliberalism grew from a fringe idea into common sense, and why automation plus a universal basic income could free people from work.

Table of Content

If you have marched at a rally or paid extra for fair-trade coffee, you know the warm feeling afterward, and maybe the nagging sense that little changed. In Inventing the Future, Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams argue that this gap is no accident. Much of today’s left, they say, practices a politics built for the moment, while its opponents spent decades building for the long run, and won.

Their case comes in two halves. First, the left must study how neoliberalism climbed from a small circle of economists to everyday common sense, and copy its patience and organization. Second, it needs a future worth fighting for, and the authors name one: machines doing more of the work, with a universal basic income giving everyone enough to live on.

Follow their argument and you will be able to tell an action that feels good from one that actually shifts power, and you may start to see your own job, and your hours, in a different light.

A famous charity effort raised a fortune for famine relief and may have made the famine worse. The authors use it to expose a habit shared by many marches, boycotts and campus occupations.

Activists cheer when a pipeline is paused, and conspiracy theories spread for a similar reason. A cultural theorist’s insight explains why the simplest target is so tempting, and what it costs.

The pressure to keep retraining, branding yourself and networking did not appear from nowhere. It traces back to a small, closed circle of economists who once had almost no influence at all.

An academic economist became a television personality and a best-selling author, and politicians like Reagan and Thatcher rose to prominence under the free-market banner his work helped spread. Behind that rise sat a deliberate, decades-long plan anyone can study.

Machines keep taking over tasks, yet people are working longer hours than ever. Two famous thinkers predicted the opposite, and the gap between their forecasts and today says a lot about who gains from technology.

Two American presidents once tried to pass a basic income into law. The authors want to revive the idea, and they see the way we define ourselves through work as one of its major obstacles.

Srnicek and Williams offer a diagnosis and a dare. The diagnosis is that good intentions without strategy keep losing to people who plan in decades. Their own history of neoliberalism proves it: a few economists meeting in Paris became the common sense that tells you to rebrand yourself and network after hours. The dare is to borrow that playbook for a different future, one where machines take on the drudgery and a basic income lets people own their time.

You do not need to share their politics to use their method. When a cause matters to you, judge your effort by what it changes over years and by the institutions it builds, not by how it feels on the day. When a problem seems to be the fault of one villain, map the system behind it. And when automation reaches your own field, ask who will keep the hours it saves.

Keynes expected a 15-hour week by 2030. Whether anything like it arrives, the authors suggest, depends on who takes the trouble to plan for it.

About this book

What is this book about?

Plenty of people march, sign petitions and buy ethically, then watch the systems they oppose carry on unchanged. Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams argue that this is no accident. Much of today's left, they say, practices folk politics: local, emotional, short-term action that reacts to events and has no plan for the long run. Their alternative comes from studying the other side. Neoliberalism began as a fringe theory, emerging in separate groups in Vienna, Chicago, London and Germany. Through think tanks, universities, newspapers and Milton Friedman's television series, it became the common sense of the 1980s. The authors want the left to copy that patience and organization, even if that means accepting hierarchy and strategy. They also give that strategy a goal. With robots spreading through industry and forecasts putting up to 80 percent of jobs at risk, they argue for welcoming automation and pairing it with a universal basic income large enough to live on. Readers get a clear account of why some political efforts last and others fade, and a provocative picture of life after work.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Politics & Current Affairs, Technology & the Future

Topics:

Future of Work, Political Science, Public Policy

Publisher:

Verso Books

Language:

English

Narrator:

Peter

First published:

September 22, 2015

Pages:

272

Length:

13 min 52 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Questioning marches and boycotts

    Activists and volunteers who wonder why marches and boycotts rarely change much.

  • Professionals worried about automation

    Professionals worried that automation will reach their job, or tired of constant retraining and networking.

  • Politics and economics students

    Students of politics and economics curious how neoliberalism rose and what a basic income could do.

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About the Author

Nick Srnicek

Nick Srnicek earned a PhD at the London School of Economics in 2013 and has taught at City University and the University of Westminster. He also wrote Platform Capitalism and, with Helen Hester, After Work, and he is linked with accelerationism and the idea of a post-scarcity economy. Alex Williams is a political theorist who lectures in digital media and society and writes on left politics and digital power. His other books include Political Hegemony and Social Complexity.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4

Overall score based on 53 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find the writing captivating and well-composed, with one person noting that it avoids academic jargon and theory speak. They value its daring outlook on the future of labor, with one listener characterizing it as an extraordinary opportunity to break the work ethic. The book's overall credibility draws a variety of responses from listeners.

Top reviews

Teng

After hearing so much buzz in leftist circles, I finally dove into Srnicek and Williams’ vision, and it’s truly refreshing. They move beyond the typical ‘occupy’ style protests—what they call folk politics—to argue for a scalable, long-term counter-hegemony. The writing is surprisingly clear for a theory-heavy book, avoiding the dense jargon that usually kills these discussions. I particularly loved the section on Universal Basic Income being a 'non-reformist reform' that doesn't just patch up capitalism but actively prepares us for something better. It’s a bold, visionary roadmap that treats technology as a tool for liberation rather than a threat to our survival. Truly, this is the kind of ambitious thinking the left has been missing for decades. It's a rare chance to see a political path that isn't just a list of grievances but a genuine plan.

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Game

Picked this up because I’m tired of seeing activists win small battles only to lose the war against neoliberal hegemony. This book is a shot of adrenaline for the imagination. It’s not just about demanding higher wages; it’s about demanding the end of work as we know it. The authors’ breakdown of how the right-wing took over the cultural narrative is masterclass material. They successfully argue that we need to reclaim the idea of the 'future' from the tech-bros and the billionaires. Got to say, we've been conditioned to think change is impossible, but this book proves that 'common sense' is something that can be built and dismantled. It's essential reading for anyone ready to move beyond the politics of resistance and toward a world where technology serves the many.

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Kwan

Wow, 250 pages of absolute vision. This is the first time I’ve read a leftist text that didn’t feel like it was mourning the 20th century. Instead of looking back at old unions and factory strikes, Srnicek and Williams look forward to a world where automation does the heavy lifting so humans can actually live. It’s a brave and necessary book that challenges the left to stop being so afraid of technology and large-scale institutions. The prose is punchy and lacks the usual theory-speak, making it a quick but deeply impactful read. If you’re tired of the doom-scrolling and want a reason to believe in a better civilization, this is the manifesto you need. It turns the idea of 'modernization' into something that could actually benefit us all. Straight fire.

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Som

Finally got around to reading this, and it’s a necessary antidote to the nostalgia that plagues current political discourse. Srnicek and Williams aren't interested in returning to a 1950s social democracy; they want to build something entirely new. Their analysis of why the left keeps losing—focusing on immediacy and feeling good over winning and strategy—is exactly the wake-up call we need. I appreciate how they tackle the 'work ethic' as a cultural construct rather than a natural law. It’s a smart, ambitious, and surprisingly readable book that doesn’t hide behind jargon. Even if you don't agree with every point on automation, the challenge they lay out is undeniable: we must invent the future or we will be victims of it. It’s easily one of the most provocative things I’ve read this year.

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Nitaya

Why does the modern left feel so stuck in reactive mode? This book tackles that question head-on by examining how neoliberalism went from a fringe ideology to the absolute common sense of our era. The authors argue that we need to build our own infrastructure and use automation to demand a world without work. While I found the specific policy prescriptions like the 30-hour work week compelling, I do wonder if they underestimate the raw power of the capitalist class to resist these changes. It’s incredibly smart and avoids being a dry academic text, though it can feel a bit optimistic about how easily we can repurpose existing tech. Still, it’s a vital read for anyone who wants to stop just protesting and start winning. It challenges the reader to think at a scale that is both terrifying and necessary.

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Fah

Gotta say, I found the critique of 'folk politics' to be the most biting part of this manifesto. We often fetishize local, immediate actions like farmers' markets or temporary occupations, but Srnicek and Williams rightly point out that these don’t scale against global capital. The book is an extraordinary opportunity to rethink the 'work ethic' that keeps us enslaved to meaningless jobs. To be fair, some of the transitions they suggest—like moving from our current mess to a full UBI—feel a bit like they’re skipping the hardest parts of the political struggle. However, the clarity of their prose makes these complex ideas accessible to anyone, not just academics. It's a pointer in the right direction for a movement that often feels lost in the woods and needs a map to the future.

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Prae

As someone who spends forty hours a week staring at a screen, the concept of a post-work society sounds like a dream. This book is an excellent primer on accelerationism without the weirder, more nihilistic parts of that movement. I loved the emphasis on 'non-reformist reforms'—small changes that actually shift the balance of power. My only real gripe is that they skip over a lot of historical nuance, particularly regarding how people transitioned from subsistence farming to urban labor. They make it sound a bit more seamless than it actually was. Regardless, the central argument for a UBI and full automation is presented with such clarity that it's hard not to feel inspired. It’s a visionary work that demands we rethink our lives. This isn't just a book; it's a theoretical grounding for a new era.

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Sven

Not what I expected from a book about the future of labor. While I appreciate the historical deep-dive into how the Mont Pelerin Society shifted global discourse, the actual 'inventing' part felt a bit vague. They refuse to use the term socialism, opting instead for 'post-work,' which feels like an unnecessary concession to avoid scary labels. Furthermore, the reliance on automation as a silver bullet seems to ignore the massive environmental and resource costs of the machines they're praising. It’s an interesting intellectual exercise, but it lacks the grounded, gritty reality of actual class struggle. Truth is, it’s more of an academic provocation than a practical guide for organizers on the ground today. It feels like it was written in a faculty lounge rather than a community center, even if the ideas are polished.

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Nang

Look, the authors clearly have a grasp on how neoliberalism became 'common sense,' but their own solutions feel a bit like academic wishful thinking. I struggled with the way they dismiss local organizing—what they call 'folk politics'—as if those communities haven't been the backbone of every major movement. They offer plenty of prescriptions (we must do this, we must do that) but the 'how' is remarkably thin on details. Personally, I found the focus on Universal Basic Income a bit naive, especially the idea that the ruling class would ever hand it over without a more traditional, perhaps more violent, struggle. It’s a well-written book and definitely sparks conversation, but it feels disconnected from the actual precarity of the working class. It’s a great vision, but I’m skeptical about the implementation.

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Pongpan

The chapter on automation is fascinating, yet I couldn't help but notice the blatant strawmanning of horizontalist movements. The authors seem to have a real chip on their shoulder regarding 'folk politics,' dismissing any localized or decentralized activism as inherently useless. It reeks of academic elitism to tell people on the ground that their mutual aid networks don't matter because they aren't 'scalable.' Frankly, the book feels more like a rationalization of disappointment with the Occupy movement than a constructive way forward. They spend so much time telling us what not to do that the actual roadmap for taking power remains a blurry mess of high-level theory. It’s too prescriptive and way too dismissive of the grassroots power that actually moves the needle in real life. I found the tone frustratingly condescending toward actual activists.

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Questions about this book

Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams argue that much of the left relies on folk politics: local, emotional, short-term actions like protests and ethical shopping that rarely bring structural change. To succeed, they say, the left must copy the long-term strategy neoliberalism used to win, and fight for a clear alternative: full automation paired with a universal basic income that frees people from work.

Folk politics is their name for an approach that stresses local, direct and small-scale action, such as street protests, shopping at local stores, teach-ins and occupations. They do not call it morally wrong. Their objection is that it puts anger and outrage ahead of strategy, reacts to what corporations and governments do, and simplifies a complex global system into immediate, concrete targets.

The authors show that neoliberalism grew from a fringe circle, including Hayek, von Mises and Milton Friedman, through a planned, long-term strategy. Ideas traveled via think tanks such as the Heritage Foundation, and via universities, while Friedman reached mass audiences through columns, television and his best-selling book Free to Choose. The left, they argue, must build similar institutions and accept hierarchy and strategy.

They expect automation to spread, citing forecasts that somewhere between 47 and 80 percent of the jobs people hold today could be automated. Rather than resist it, they want to pair it with a basic income large enough to live on, given to everyone without conditions. Since only 13 percent of workers worldwide find their jobs engaging, they see this as a way to free people from draining work.

Judge any political or civic effort by what it will change over years and which institutions it builds, not by how it feels on the day. When a problem looks like one villain’s fault, trace the wider system instead. And rethink how much of your identity rests on your job, since the authors see that attachment as one of the major barriers to basic income.

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