Opens in a new tab
14 min 26 sec
Available in:English

Good Services: How to Design Services that Work

Shows why so many services frustrate the people who use them, and how to design ones users can find, understand and finish: named in their words, paced by their decisions and free of dead ends.

Table of Content

If you run or build a service, you know the usual complaints: people can’t find it, misunderstand it, give up halfway or get stuck. In Good Services, Lou Downe, who set design standards for the UK government and led a team of 65 designers, argues that most of these failures come from services nobody actually designed. The price is steep: across Britain, as much as 60 percent of what is spent on public services goes toward fixing what went wrong.

Downe’s answer is one conviction. A service works when it is shaped on purpose around what the user is trying to get done. From that come practical tests: whether people can find it in their own words, whether they grasp its purpose, whether it fits the rest of their task, whether its steps match their decisions, and whether anyone can end up stuck. The cases run from a driving agency swamped with reports of ingrown toenails to a lost phone that locks its owner out of the app meant to recover it.

A call center built to give advice can make good advice almost impossible, and nobody involved meant it to. The cause lies in how most services come into being, and in who gets to define them.

A government scheme to help people pay court fees had a name almost none of them would ever type. Fixing it took four plain words, and your own service names may hide the same mistake.

About 40 percent of cautious drivers reporting to a licensing agency listed broken bones and ingrown toenails that had no effect on their driving. The fix was a new tool that turned away irrelevant conditions and also explained up front why the agency was asking.

One homeless man’s contact with prisons, hospitals and shelters cost a government a million dollars, and none of it solved his problem. A transport app’s single button points to a better way to think about your own part.

A rule meant to protect energy customers left them anxious and waiting for two weeks. Its fix kept every bit of the protection, and it shows that the order of steps can matter as much as their number.

Leave your phone in a taxi and the app that could help you find it may lock you out completely. Such traps fall into four kinds, and each one can be designed away.

What Downe offers is a way of looking: from the outside in, from the seat of a person trying to get something done. Every principle in the book is that one view applied to a different moment, whether the search box, the first screen, the handover to another provider, the pause before a decision or the instant something goes wrong. Services that pass these tests also cost less to run, because failure is what makes them expensive.

Downe adds one more habit for services that last: ask people for information at the moments that matter in their lives, instead of the moments that suit the organization.

The quickest place to begin is the name. Search for your own service using the words a worried customer would type, and see whether you appear. Then walk the path yourself, counting decisions against steps, and walk it again as someone with no phone and no bank account. Wherever you stall, a real user already has.

The man in Million Dollar Murray met service after service, and none of them saw the whole of what he needed. Good design starts by seeing it.

About this book

What is this book about?

Most services were never really designed. They built up over time from old technology, internal politics and personal preference, and users pay for it in confusing names, pointless forms and moments where they simply get stuck. Organizations bear the burden as well, since as much as 60 percent of government service costs across Britain is spent putting right their failures. Lou Downe, who set design standards for the UK government, argues that a good service starts and ends with the user. The service is defined by the user alone, and the org chart gets no vote on what it really is. From that idea comes a set of practical tests, each one shown through real cases: a ministry that renamed Fee Remission as Help Paying Court Fees, a driving agency flooded with reports of ingrown toenails, a transport app with a Get Me Home button, and an energy rule that left customers waiting two anxious weeks. Readers get a clear checklist for any service they build or manage. Can people find it in their own words and understand why it exists? Do its steps match their decisions? Does it connect to the rest of their task, and does it give everyone, including people without a phone or bank account, a way forward when things go wrong?

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Technology & the Future

Topics:

Customer Success, Product Strategy

Publisher:

Hachette

Language:

English

Narrator:

Laura

First published:

March 1, 2020

Pages:

192

Length:

14 min 26 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Product managers, designers, founders

    Product managers, designers and founders whose users get lost, confused or stuck partway through.

  • Wanting fewer failed contacts

    Public sector and customer experience teams trying to cut the cost of failed contacts.

  • Team leads wanting checklists

    Team leads who want a shared, plain checklist for judging any service they run.

Listen to Preview

About the Author

Lou Downe

Lou Downe is the pen name of Louise Downe, former Director of Design and Service Standards at the Government Digital Service, part of the UK government. Downe is regarded as a pioneer of service design in government, having set up its design standards and led a team of 65 designers. Downe has also founded a design studio and has been voted one of the UK's top 50 creative leaders.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4.8

Overall score based on 1000 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find the book’s core principles simple to grasp and value its high level of readability. Opinions on the design are varied, with some admiring the deliberate layout while others find it insane. The writing quality also receives split feedback, as listeners note the work is well written but filled with numerous typos.

Top reviews

Wyatt

This book is a masterclass in clarity for anyone who designs literally anything. Lou Downe strips away the high-brow academic jargon usually associated with design thinking and replaces it with a simple, punchy truth: a service is just helping someone do something. I loved the emphasis on using verbs rather than nouns. It’s a subtle shift, but naming a service after what the user actually wants to achieve—like 'learning to drive' instead of 'licensing procurement'—is a total game changer for accessibility. The 15 principles provided here are easy to digest and immediately applicable to my day-to-day work in B2C. While some might find the bold formatting a bit much, I thought the vibrant layout matched the urgent, modern energy of the writing. It’s an essential playbook that I’ll be keeping on my desk for a long time.

Show more
Pan

Ever wonder why government websites or banking apps feel like they were designed by people who hate you? This book explains exactly why that happens and how to fix it. Downe’s perspective on 'dead ends' really hit home for me. We often focus on the happy path and ignore users who don't have a credit card or a fixed address, effectively excluding them from essential services. The 15 principles are more than just a checklist; they are a moral compass for designers. I found the section on Principle 11 particularly moving—reminding us that inclusive access is a necessity, not a luxury or a 'feature' to be added later if the budget allows. The writing is punchy, the examples are relatable, and the logic is airtight. It’s the first service design book I’ve read that actually felt like it was written for the real world.

Show more
Katya

Not what I expected, but exactly what I needed. I’ve read a lot of dry, theoretical design books that look great on a shelf but offer zero practical utility. This isn't one of them. Lou Downe writes with a sense of urgency that is infectious. The idea that a service is one continuous set of actions from the user's perspective—regardless of how many departments are involved—is something every manager needs to hear. I loved the 'no dead ends' rule. It’s so easy to forget about the edge cases until they become a crisis. Personally, I enjoyed the bold, chunky physical format of the book. It felt modern and intentional, even if it was a bit loud. This is a milestone for the industry and a must-read for anyone working in the public sector or large-scale B2B.

Show more
Mingkwan

Picked this up on a recommendation and it was a revelation. The chapter on Principle 6—requiring no prior knowledge—should be taped to the wall of every office. Why should we need 'experts' to help us navigate filing taxes or buying a home? Downe calls these 'parasitic services' and it’s the perfect term. The book is incredibly accessible and doesn't hide behind academic fluff. I found the section on organizational structures particularly insightful; we often build services that reflect our internal mess rather than the user's needs. The writing is direct and the pace is fast. I didn't mind the bold formatting at all; it felt like the book was emphasizing the most important bits for me. If you want to understand why the modern world feels so broken and how design can fix it, buy this book.

Show more
Ping

Wow. Just wow. This is the first design book I’ve read that I actually wanted to finish in one sitting. Lou Downe has a way of making complex problems feel solvable. The 15 principles are organized logically and backed up with fascinating, often frustrating, real-world examples of service failure. I particularly liked the reminder that the user—not the provider—gets to decide what the service actually is. It’s a humbling and necessary perspective. The book is colourful, chunky, and feels great in your hands, even if the orange text on white is a bit of a stretch for the eyes. It’s a solid, practical playbook that avoids the usual 'flavour of the month' buzzwords. Truly a required reading for anyone who cares about making the world a slightly easier place to navigate.

Show more
Film

As someone who has navigated the worlds of business analysis and digital change for a decade, I was skeptical about whether this would offer anything new. To be fair, Downe won me over by connecting service design to systems thinking and organizational psychology in a way that feels fresh. The anecdotes are brilliant, especially the 'Total Football' analogy regarding team consistency. However, I have to mention the production quality. The book is riddled with typos that occasionally pull you out of the flow, and that hot pink text on a white background is a nightmare for tired eyes. It feels like the book was rushed to print before a final proofread. Despite those aesthetic gripes, the core content is gold. It’s a solid 4-star read that will definitely help our team bridge the gap between technical constraints and actual user needs.

Show more
Isabella

Finally got around to reading this after seeing it all over my LinkedIn feed. It’s a fantastic entry point for anyone new to the discipline, though seasoned pros might find some of it a bit elementary. The truth is, the simplicity is the point. Downe excels at identifying how political whims and legacy technology dictate our lives, often resulting in services that are fragmented and frustrating. I particularly appreciated the discussion on Principle 8, regarding the 'space between steps.' We usually obsess over making things faster, but sometimes users need a moment to pause and reflect. My only real complaint is that the case studies occasionally felt a bit disconnected from the principles they were supposed to illustrate. Still, the strategic overview it provides is invaluable for breaking down silos. It’s an incredibly useful tool for any product team.

Show more
Audrey

Look, the content here is 5-star quality, but the execution of the physical book drags it down slightly. The amount of typos is a bit distracting for a professional publication. However, if you can look past that, Lou Downe has created something special. The focus on 'verbs for everyone' and 'nouns for experts' is a brilliant way to explain why so many services fail to be found via Google. It’s all about meeting the user where they are, not where you want them to be. I also appreciated the nuanced view on KPIs and perverse incentives—making sure we don't accidentally encourage bad behavior just to hit a target. It’s an analytical yet human-centric approach to design that is rare to find. Definitely worth a read for anyone in a leadership role.

Show more
Watcharin

Wait, why is the author shouting at me on every page? The design of this book is frankly baffling. For a text that preaches the importance of accessibility and good user experience, the choice of heavy, bold fonts and neon colors feels like a massive contradiction. It made the reading experience physically draining at times. Regarding the content, there are some great insights about 'parasitic services' and the pitfalls of organizational silos, but it lacks a definitive closing chapter. I was looking for a 'how-to' guide to implement these 15 principles from scratch, but the book just sort of ends. It’s a collection of very good ideas trapped in a very poorly designed package. If you can get past the formatting, there is value here, but it’s a struggle to reach it. I'd give it a 7/10 if I could, but I'm rounding down.

Show more
Chanida

In my experience, a book about 'Good Services' should probably be a bit more user-friendly than this one. Let’s talk about the pink paragraphs. They are genuinely hard to read. It’s ironic that a book so focused on inclusivity and usability would make such polarizing aesthetic choices. That said, the content itself is quite decent. The definition of a service as 'helping someone do what they want to do' is a helpful starting point, even if it feels a bit oversimplified at first glance. I liked the breakdown of the 15 principles, but the book feels a bit like an untidy pile of great blog posts rather than a cohesive narrative. It lacks a strong conclusion to tie everything together. It's a useful reference guide, but the presentation really let me down. I’m torn, but I have to settle on three stars.

Show more
Show all reviews

Questions about this book

Downe argues that a good service is designed on purpose, not left to grow from technology limits, politics and preference, and that only the user defines what the service is. From there, good services are easy to find in users’ own words, clear about their purpose, connected to the user’s wider goal, built with as few steps as there are decisions, and free of dead ends.

People search for what they want to do, not for an organization’s internal labels. Downe’s example is the UK Ministry of Justice, which renamed a scheme called Fee Remission as Help Paying Court Fees, because people struggling with court costs would never type remission into a search engine. Naming a service after the user’s action makes it findable.

Downe’s rule of thumb is that the number of steps should equal the number of decisions the user must make. Too few steps can be as unusable as too many. Steps also need the right pace and position: a 14-day cooling-off period for UK energy switches upset customers until it was placed before the switch was confirmed rather than after.

Downe names four. The user may be ineligible, the process may become too complicated, the user may lack an ability the service assumes, such as reading a PDF or acting during business hours, or they may lack a requirement like a phone number, bank account or ID. Remedies include onward routes, evenly spread complexity, fewer requirements and alternative routes.

It suits anyone who designs or runs a service, digital or not: product teams, designers, founders, customer experience managers and public servants. Its cases come largely from UK government, such as the DVLA and the Ministry of Justice, but the tests apply equally to a dry cleaner, a transport app or a call center.

AUDIO SUMMARY AVAILABLE

Listen to Good Services in 15 minutes

Get the key ideas from Good Services by Lou Downe, plus 5,000+ more nonfiction titles.

  • 5,000+ titles
  • Listen as much as you want
  • 7-day free trial
  • Cancel anytime

Good Services

Preview · Full summary 14 min 26 sec
Home

Discover

Open app

Log in