Us vs. Them: The Failure of Globalism
Explains why globalism's uneven gains have fueled populist anger in rich and emerging countries alike, how automation threatens to deepen the divide, and why rewriting the social contract works better than building walls.

Table of Content
1. Introduction
53 sec
If the world feels angrier and more divided than the promises of open markets suggested, the cause runs deeper than any one politician. In Us vs. Them, political risk analyst Ian Bremmer argues that globalism did make the world richer, but it handed the gains to some people and the costs to others. Since 1979, close to 40 percent of American factory jobs have disappeared.
Bremmer’s case is that the people left behind, in rich and poor countries alike, are turning to leaders who split the world into us and them. Governments are answering with walls when they should be rewriting what they owe their citizens. Follow his argument and headlines from Washington, Paris, Chengdu and São Paulo begin to read as one story. It also points to the fixes, from lifelong training to new kinds of tax, that could ease the anger.
2. Understand the backlash against globalism and its causes
1 min 59 sec
Cheaper goods and new jobs abroad were real gains. Yet by 2015 only a tiny share of people in rich countries thought the world was improving, and a new kind of politician was ready to use that gloom.
3. Hear the cultural fear behind immigration politics
1 min 55 sec
In Britain and Germany, voters were told newcomers threatened more than their paychecks. The numbers behind that message are striking, and Bremmer sees little reason to expect the pressure to ease any time soon.
4. Understand why booming economies still erupt in protest
2 min 00 sec
China industrializes, Turkey slashes poverty, Brazil’s government falls short on public services, and still the squares fill with protesters. Bremmer explains what new prosperity creates that governments keep failing to supply.
5. Watch the wealth gap to see unrest coming
1 min 57 sec
A duck sanctuary on a politician’s estate became a protest symbol in Russia. Bremmer uses it to show how a widening gap between rich and poor turns private frustration into public anger, and sometimes into something worse.
6. See how robots could leave whole countries behind
2 min 37 sec
Economists long promised that machines would push workers up into better jobs. A 2017 study tested that promise, and the outlook it implies is far harsher for Nigeria and India than for the rich world.
7. Spot the new walls around trade, news and people
1 min 51 sec
Since the Berlin Wall fell, dozens of countries have built new barriers, and not all of them are made of concrete. Some block cargo, some block reporters, and one could cut off a whole country’s internet.
8. A new deal with citizens beats another wall
1 min 50 sec
Paying taxes and obeying the law once bought a fairly short list of promises. Bremmer argues that list has to change, and he points to a small Asian state for a model worth borrowing.
9. Conclusion
1 min 06 sec
Bremmer’s book is finally a warning against a comfortable mistake. It is easy to dislike Trump, Le Pen or the Brexit campaign and stop there. His reply is that none of them built the us versus them world. They found it waiting. The Detroit car worker, the residents masking statues in Chengdu and the Russians waving rubber ducks are all sending elites one message: the costs of globalism landed on us, and you did not notice.
That gives you a sharper way to read the news. When a populist rises, ask which loss he is speaking to, whether jobs, culture or public services that never came. When a country booms, check whether the gap at the top is widening faster than incomes at the bottom. And for your own working life, take Singapore’s idea personally: treat learning as something you fund and renew for decades, because the machines are arriving faster than the old theory promised.
Walls offer the feeling of safety. Only a better bargain between citizens and their state answers the anger that built them.
About this book
What is this book about?
Globalism was sold as a path to growth, rising incomes and open, liberal societies. Instead, much of the world looks angry and divided. Ian Bremmer, a political scientist who studies how politics moves markets, argues that the promise was only half kept. Open trade made many people richer, but it also closed factories, shrank the American middle class and left huge numbers of people feeling that elites had stopped listening. Bremmer follows that anger from Trump's America and Le Pen's France to Brexit Britain, smog-covered Chengdu, the fare protests that began in São Paulo and Russia's rubber-duck rallies. He shows how job losses, cultural anxiety about immigration, failing public services and widening inequality feed a politics of us versus them. He also explains why automation could make the split worse, especially in emerging economies with large, young populations. Readers get a clear map of the forces behind today's populism and a sober look at the walls governments are building around trade, information and people. They also get Bremmer's alternative: a new social contract built on lifelong learning, as in Singapore, and fresh thinking about tax, from a robot tax to a universal basic income.
Book Information
Who it's for
Professionals puzzled by populism
Professionals puzzled by the rise of populists like Trump and Le Pen who want the economic story behind it.
Workers weighing retraining
Workers in jobs exposed to automation who are weighing what retraining could cost them.
Analyzing global discontent
Students and analysts of politics, trade and emerging markets who need one clear frame for global discontent.
About the Author
Ian Bremmer
Ian Bremmer is an American political scientist, author and entrepreneur who specializes in global political risk. In 1998 he founded Eurasia Group with $25,000, and he remains its president. The firm is a research and consulting company that advises clients on how politics affects markets. He also founded the digital media company GZERO Media. Bremmer earned a doctorate in political science from Stanford University in 1994 and created Wall Street's first global political risk index. His national bestsellers include Every Nation For Itself.
Ratings & Reviews
Ratings at a glance
What people think
Listeners find the work insightful, with one review highlighting its superb examination of modern global affairs. Furthermore, the prose is well-organized and succinct, and listeners value the book's evidence-based style and strong thematic material. The title also gains praise for its readability, as one listener mentions it is especially helpful for grasping current events. On the other hand, the tempo draws varied opinions, including one listener who describes it as too negative for their taste.
Top reviews
Ian Bremmer has a knack for taking complex geopolitical shifts and distilling them into something that doesn't require a PhD to understand. This book is a punchy, factual look at the erosion of the global order. I particularly enjoyed the sections on 'globalism' as an ideology of the elite and how it has backfired. He doesn't pull any punches when describing the failures of both the left and the right in addressing the needs of the working class. The book is short, but it’s packed with insights that feel very relevant to the current political climate. Even if you don't agree with all his solutions, you have to admit his analysis of the problem is spot on. It’s one of the few books I’ve read lately that actually tries to bridge the partisan divide rather than widen it. A must-read for anyone interested in international relations.
Show moreThis book offers a sobering look at how the globalist elite have essentially ignored the growing resentment in the heartlands of the world. Bremmer argues that globalization has enriched a few while leaving the working class to rot, and frankly, it's hard to disagree with his data points. The focus on how automation will further exacerbate this 'us vs. them' mentality is particularly chilling because he suggests the gig economy isn't just a phase—it’s the new, precarious reality. While I appreciated the global scope, covering countries from Turkey to Venezuela, I wish he had spent more time on the corpocracy and how big money influences these shifts. It’s a quick read, maybe a bit too concise in parts, but the message is clear. If we don’t redefine the social contract soon, the walls are only going to get higher and thicker. It’s a solid read for anyone trying to make sense of why the world feels so fractured right now.
Show moreAfter hearing Bremmer on a few podcasts, I decided to dive into the full text to see if his 'Us vs. Them' framework actually holds water. It does. This is an incredibly readable and factual account of how the 'globalists' failed to see the storm coming. I loved how he didn't just focus on the US; the sections on Brazil’s political scandals and the success of social programs in Scandinavia were eye-opening. The writing is punchy and gets straight to the point without getting bogged down in academic jargon. Some might find it too negative, but I found the realism refreshing. It's a wake-up call. The book argues that the wall-building we see isn't just physical; it's cultural and digital too. It really helped me connect the dots between automation, income inequality, and the rise of identity politics.
Show moreThe chapter on China's massive investment in AI and their aging population was the most enlightening part of the whole experience. Most Western analysts just scream about the trade deficit, but Bremmer looks at the structural issues that make China's 'success' so fragile. He points out that while they've lifted millions out of poverty, the looming threat of automation could erase those gains overnight. It’s a nuanced take that you don’t often see in the mainstream media. My only gripe is that the book is quite short—I finished it in a single afternoon. Because it’s so concise, some of the complex issues in places like Indonesia or Turkey get boiled down to just a few paragraphs. However, as an 'executive summary' of the world's current headaches, it's top-notch. It’s factual, well-structured, and provides a lot of food for thought regarding the future of the working class.
Show moreFinally finished this and I appreciate how Bremmer doesn't just blame one person for the current state of global politics. He makes a compelling case that 'Us vs. Them' created the leaders we have today, not the other way around. The book explores how the 'them'—the politicians, bankers, and media elites—have lost the trust of the 'us'—the people who feel lied to. I found the discussion on 'cyber weapons' being available to everyone particularly terrifying. It adds a whole new layer to the security argument that I hadn't considered. The prose is clear and the chapters move quickly, making it a great pick for a plane ride or a weekend read. It’s not a perfect book, and it can feel a bit repetitive when he goes through different countries, but the central thesis is powerful. Definitely gave me a new perspective on the news.
Show moreLook, I’ve enjoyed Bremmer’s work in the past, and while some say this is a bit light, I think the brevity is its strength. He connects the dots between the 'youth bulge' in developing nations and the rise of populism in the West in a way that feels fresh. His argument for a 'caring economy' where we pay teachers and home health aides more is actually quite pragmatic when you consider how many manufacturing jobs are never coming back. Personally, I would have liked more data on the specific impacts of the TPP, but the overall framework is solid. It’s a logically organized, clear-eyed view of a world in transition. It's a bit pessimistic, sure, but the reality of 670,000 lost manufacturing jobs due to robots is a hard truth we have to face. Worth the read for the perspective shift alone.
Show morePicked this up expecting a deep dive but ended up feeling like I was reading a collection of old headlines. While Bremmer is undoubtedly a smart guy, this specific work felt a bit like a rush job to stay relevant in the post-2016 political landscape. He touches on massive topics like UBI and the displacement of manufacturing jobs in the US, but the truth is, he just moves on without much depth. The analysis of Brexit and the TPP felt more like an executive summary for a busy CEO than a scholarly investigation. It’s well-structured and very readable, but it lacks the 'novel idea' that made his earlier books like The J-Curve so compelling. It's a decent enough primer if you haven't been following the news, but for everyone else, it’s mostly stuff you already know. I expected a bit more intellectual meat on the bones.
Show moreEver wonder why populist movements are suddenly sweeping through every major democracy at the exact same time? Bremmer attempts to answer this by looking at the losers of globalization, specifically those whose lives have been upended by trade deals and the rise of the machines. The book is strongest when it explains the economic anxiety driving voters toward 'tough-talking' leaders. However, the solutions he proposes—like lifelong education and a stronger social safety net—felt a bit like a standard progressive wishlist. Is it realistic to think governments will suddenly become this competent? I’m not so sure. The pacing is a bit uneven, and at times it feels like he’s just listing grievances rather than providing a path forward. Still, it’s a decent primer for understanding the current geopolitical climate, even if it doesn't quite blow your mind.
Show moreTo be fair, the diagnostic part of this book is incredible, even if the prescriptions feel a bit like socialist idealism. Bremmer is a master at explaining why we are in this mess—the failure of the social contract, the gutting of the middle class, and the arrogance of the globalist elite. But when he starts talking about the 'caring economy' and government-funded retraining as the cure-all, I started to lose interest. It feels a bit naive to think that a government that can’t even fix its own bridges will suddenly manage a transition to a post-automation world. The tone is also quite gloomy, which might put some readers off. That said, the statistics he provides on opioid deaths and the decline of manufacturing are staggering. It’s a good book for starting a conversation, but it doesn't necessarily provide the answers I was looking for.
Show moreWow. This was a massive disappointment. If you have functioning eyes and a subscription to any major newspaper, you've already read this book. It’s a collection of platitudes disguised as 'deep analysis.' Bremmer basically spends a hundred pages telling us that people are angry because they lost their jobs to China and robots. No kidding! I was looking for a deeper sociological or economic study, but instead, I got a series of brief quips and recycled talking points. He treats 'globalism' and 'capitalism' like they're characters in a play rather than complex systems with nuance. There’s almost no original research here, just a repackaging of the 'common knowledge' of the coastal elite. It honestly felt like a cash grab. Save your money and just read a few Wikipedia entries on populism instead. It’s a shallow look at a very deep problem.
Show moreQuestions about this book
What is Us vs. Them by Ian Bremmer about?
Bremmer argues that globalism made the world richer overall but split it into winners and losers. Factory jobs moved abroad or went to machines, the American middle class shrank, and frustration grew in rich and emerging countries alike. Populists on the left and right turned that frustration into a message pitting ordinary people against elites and immigrants. He warns that automation will deepen the divide and urges governments to rewrite the social contract.
Why does Bremmer think populism will keep rising?
He points to immigration combined with economic fragility. The number of UK residents born abroad more than doubled between 1993 and 2015, and Germany received 1.1 million asylum applications in 2015 and 2016. With more than 65 million refugees worldwide in 2016 and no political solution in sight, Bremmer expects cultural anxiety and job insecurity to keep feeding populist parties in Europe, the United States and other rich nations.
How will automation affect emerging countries, according to Us vs. Them?
Bremmer argues they are more exposed and less able to respond. United Nations forecasts put 47 percent of US jobs at risk, but 65 percent in Nigeria, 69 percent in India and 77 percent in China. Large young populations, once an advantage, become a burden when growth creates fewer jobs, and countries like South Africa lack the money to invest in the education that could prepare people.
What solutions does Ian Bremmer propose?
Instead of walls around trade, information and people, Bremmer calls for a new social contract. Its center is lifelong education, modeled on Singapore, where Workforce Singapore helps companies retrain staff and every citizen over 25 gets an individual learning account for training. He also discusses new approaches to tax, such as Bill Gates’s proposed robot tax and the universal basic income being considered in parts of Europe.
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