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15 min 27 sec
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The People Vs Tech: How the Internet is Killing Democracy (And How We Save It)

Shows how social media, big data, artificial intelligence and cryptocurrencies erode the foundations of democracy, where that slide could lead, and which reforms and personal habits could stop it.

Table of Content

Most of us sense that the internet has made politics angrier, yet we treat each symptom separately: a toxic feed here, a data scandal there. In The People Vs Tech, British journalist Jamie Bartlett argues they are one problem. Social media, big data and artificial intelligence are wearing down, all at the same time, the six supports democracy stands on.

Bartlett grants that technology has brought real benefits. His warning is that, left unchecked, these trends lead toward a new kind of authoritarian rule, welcomed by people who have lost faith in voting. He also insists the slide can be stopped, by governments willing to update democracy and by citizens who change how they use the internet. Expect a voting app used by millions of British voters, a campaign that read people through their cars and a PayPal cofounder’s safe house in New Zealand, and finish knowing what is at risk and what to do.

A party where nobody turns up, or where two loud guests take over, makes a surprisingly sharp test for democracy. Bartlett uses it to name what a free society cannot live without.

We keep children from voting because they cannot yet judge for themselves. Bartlett suspects the same weakness is spreading among adults, and the cause sits in the pocket of nearly every voter.

Feeling more certain and more furious after an hour online is not an accident. Bartlett traces how that feeling spreads from one screen to a whole country, and where it finally leads.

One campaign learned to spot likely supporters from what they drove and how often they had voted. Bartlett explains why that early success worries him less than what comes after it.

The robots are probably not coming for every job. Bartlett points to a narrower, nearer danger that hollows out the middle of the economy and, with it, the common ground democracy needs.

Monopolies are nothing new, and neither is buying influence with politicians. What Bartlett finds new is a company that can sway a law simply by changing what appears on its own home page.

Most people link democracy with freedom. Bartlett reminds us it also depends on the state’s power to make people obey, and shows how a movement using encryption to slip past government control could drain that power away.

A cofounder of PayPal has already purchased a safe house in New Zealand that covers 477 acres. Bartlett sketches the two futures that make such plans look sensible, then lays out the repairs that could keep either from happening.

The People Vs Tech reads like a building inspection. Bartlett walks around democracy, taps each pillar and finds technology pressing on all six at once. No single crack brings the structure down. Together they feed the spiral he judges more likely than outright chaos, in which a fractured, distrustful public gives up on democracy and turns to a techno-authoritarian.

His last word, though, is repair. Democracy has rebuilt itself before, from Greek city assemblies to mass parties, and he believes it can again. Much of that work belongs to governments, but some begins on your own screen. An ad blocker makes you harder to profile and target. Reading the sources your tribe dismisses, and hearing opponents out with an open mind, loosens the feed’s grip. Picking smaller, more ethical companies for search, social media and taxis is a small vote against monopoly.

The pillars rest on citizens who turn up, argue and compromise. Bartlett’s case is that keeping them standing now falls mainly to governments, with citizens’ own habits helping the repair.

About this book

What is this book about?

Angry feeds, data scandals, vanishing jobs and powerful tech firms usually get discussed as separate problems. Jamie Bartlett argues they are one problem. Democracy depends on six pillars: active citizens, a shared culture of debate and compromise, equality, free association, free elections and a government with real authority. Bartlett believes digital technology is pressing on every one of them at the same time. He makes the case with concrete examples: a voting app that millions of British voters used to decide for them, Cambridge Analytica finding persuadable voters through their car purchases, Google helping kill a law with one link on its front page, and blockchain networks that place money and speech beyond the reach of the state. He also follows the trends forward to two dark endings, a collapse into chaos or a slide toward rule by a tech-savvy strongman. The book does not stop at warning. Bartlett sets out how democracy could update itself, from antitrust law and taxes on robots to digital literacy in schools and election day as a public holiday. He also suggests simple steps any internet user can take to stay harder to manipulate.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Politics & Current Affairs, Technology & the Future

Topics:

Future of Work, Internet & Society, Political Science

Publisher:

Penguin Random House

Language:

English

Narrator:

Luke

First published:

April 5, 2018

Pages:

242

Length:

15 min 27 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Politically curious professionals

    Professionals who feel the internet is making politics angrier and want to know why.

  • Office staff weighing AI

    Workers in routine office jobs wondering what AI means for the middle class.

  • Reform-minded voters

    Engaged voters looking for concrete reforms and online habits that protect democracy.

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About the Author

Jamie Bartlett

Jamie Bartlett is a British author and journalist who has written for The Spectator and The Daily Telegraph and now writes the newsletter How to Survive the Internet. He was a senior fellow at Demos, and until 2017 he ran its Centre for the Analysis of Social Media. His work explores how technology, politics and society shape one another, often through fringe subcultures, as in his first book, The Dark Net. His television work includes the two-part BBC 2 series The Secrets of Silicon Valley.

More from Jamie Bartlett

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Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4.6

Overall score based on 65 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find that while perspectives differ regarding the text's technical depth for specialists, most value the way it provides a brief and approachable overview of the intricate link between technology and contemporary democracy. Additionally, they appreciate Bartlett’s captivating prose and his use of interesting stories to show how data analytics and algorithms can influence political involvement. The practical nature of the final suggestions is also noted, with one listener observing that the list of "20 ideas to save democracy" offers an invigorating and useful structure for managing our current digital environment.

Top reviews

Sarawut

Wow. I didn't expect a book about political theory to be such a page-turner, but Bartlett writes with a sense of urgency that is hard to ignore. By breaking democracy down into six essential pillars, he shows exactly how the digital revolution is quietly sawing through the legs of our society. It’s not that he hates technology, but rather that he’s terrified of how it’s being used to manipulate our tribal instincts and erode our shared reality. The chapter on the 'barbell' economy and the disappearance of the middle class was particularly chilling. While some might call it alarmist, I found his arguments about the lack of accountability in algorithms to be incredibly well-reasoned. It’s much deeper than the 'Social Dilemma' documentary. I walked away feeling like I finally understood the mechanism behind the social panic we’re all feeling.

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Dimitri

This book is a vital wake-up call for anyone who thinks their scrolling is harmless. Bartlett avoids the trap of being a Luddite; he clearly sees the potential in technology but warns that it needs a guidance that just isn't happening right now. The way he describes the erosion of free choice through data-driven nudges is brilliant. We are basically delegating our moral and political decision-making to machines owned by a handful of rich men in Silicon Valley. It’s a scary thought. The list of recommendations at the end—like taxing robots and monitoring bot activity—provides a much-needed sense of agency in a world that feels increasingly out of control. It is rare to find a book that is this engaging while also being this important for our civic participation.

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Finn

After hearing so much about 'techno-pessimism' lately, I wanted a book that could actually define the stakes of the conversation. Bartlett delivered. This isn't just a rant about how 'phones are bad'; it’s a sophisticated analysis of how modern democracy requires certain conditions to function—conditions that are currently being undermined by big tech monopolies. Personally, I found the 20 ideas to save democracy at the end to be the most valuable part of the book. They aren't just vague platitudes; they're specific, actionable policy changes that we should be campaigning for. The writing is simple enough to be understood by anyone, but the implications of his arguments are profound. It's a necessary framework for staying sane in an era of endless digital distraction.

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Watcharin

Ever wonder why politics feels so much more aggressive and tribal lately? Bartlett offers a smart, concise summary of how the attention economy is basically a giant panopticon designed to keep us addicted and angry. I loved the way he used the 'devil’s rope' analogy to describe how new tech can accidentally destroy entire ways of life. The book is full of these compelling anecdotes that make the abstract concepts of data analytics feel very real and immediate. Truth is, I was a bit skeptical of his '20 ideas to save democracy' at the end—some of them feel a bit utopian given how much power Big Tech already holds—but it’s still a refreshing framework for navigating the digital landscape. It’s a quick read that doesn't shy away from the hard questions about our future.

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Yok

Finally got around to reading this and it definitely shook me out of my complacency regarding social media. Bartlett’s exploration of the crypto-anarchist movement and how it could potentially collapse state control was eye-opening, if a bit terrifying. He does a great job explaining how the speed and scale of Big Tech are what make it truly novel and dangerous. I especially appreciated his point that newspapers are legally responsible for what they print, while algorithms shape the reality for billions without any accountability. My only real complaint is that his tone borders on paranoia at times, which makes it hard to distinguish between legitimate threats and speculative dystopia. Still, it’s a thought-provoking read that everyone should pick up before the next election cycle.

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Uraiwan

Look, we all know the internet is a mess, but Bartlett explains the *why* behind the chaos with incredible clarity. He takes complex ideas about surveillance capitalism and makes them accessible through simple, direct prose. I found the section on how Cambridge Analytica used personality profiles to hijack voter attention to be the most compelling part of the book. It’s a sobering look at how the 'creative destruction' of the tech industry is actually destroying the very foundations of our democracy. While it might be a bit basic for experts in the field, for the average person, it’s an essential guide to the digital age. The sentence structure is varied and keeps the pace moving quickly, making it a fast read despite the heavy subject matter.

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Tar

Picked this up at the library and ended up finishing it in two sittings. It's a very punchy, unbiased summary of the ways the internet is upending our political systems. Bartlett is excellent at condensing critical points neatly, like how individual political targeting makes it impossible for us to thrash out the issues of the day as a collective. We’re losing our common public debate to millions of private ones. To be fair, the section on crypto-anarchy felt a little bit disconnected from the rest of the book, but it was still fascinating. It’s an engaging read that forces you to re-examine your own social media habits and the long-term impact they have on your critical faculties. Definitely worth a read.

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Noo

As someone who works in software development, I found parts of this incredibly frustrating to get through. Bartlett often speaks about 'mysterious' algorithms as if they are magical black boxes, rather than just explaining the basic principles of machine learning or how something like Facebook’s EdgeRank actually functions. It felt technologically superficial in places, almost like a collection of Wired articles stitched together with a bit of padding. To be fair, his analysis of how micro-targeting destroys common public debate is spot on and very well-articulated. He correctly identifies that if we all receive personalized political messages, we lose the ability to have a unified national conversation. It’s a decent entry point for a general audience, but if you’ve already read Nicholas Carr or Shoshana Zuboff, you might find this a bit light on rigour.

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Art

The premise is fascinating, but I struggled with the author's tone at times. Bartlett writes with a level of paranoia that makes it feel like he’s shouting at you from a bunker. Look, I agree that social media tribalism is a problem, but his suggestions for the government to regulate everything seem highly idealistic. He spends the whole book explaining how tech is destroying state authority, and then he asks that same weakened state to fix it? It feels like those suggestions were added just for the sake of having a 'solutions' chapter. That said, his interviews with Silicon Valley luminaries provide some great behind-the-scenes context that you won't find in a standard news report. It's a solid introduction to the topic, just take some of the more extreme predictions with a grain of salt.

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Sombat

Not what I expected at all. A friend recommended this because I'm interested in the intersection of tech and society, but I found the writing style to be quite repetitive and occasionally contradictory. He drags out very simple points for pages and pages, and some of his assumptions about programming and AI are just plain false. Frankly, it felt like he was more interested in being a 'techno-pessimist' than actually providing a coherent framework for how to fix things. The second half of the book descends into vague theories about the distant future that the author himself admits he can't fully predict. If you want something with actual depth, I'd suggest reading Marshall McLuhan or Virginia Eubanks instead of this.

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Questions about this book

Bartlett argues that digital technology, from social media and big data to AI and cryptocurrencies, is weakening democracy on several fronts at once. He describes six pillars democracy needs, shows how each is under pressure, warns that the likely outcome is techno-authoritarian rule, and proposes reforms for governments and habits for individuals that could update democracy for the internet age.

Bartlett names active citizens who think for themselves, a shared culture of rational debate and compromise, equality, free association, free elections and governmental authority. He explains them with a party analogy: guests must show up, behave, share the conversation, talk and choose freely, and a host must keep things on track. He argues technology now strains all six.

He uses the firm’s 2016 work for the Trump campaign as an example of data shaping elections. Cambridge Analytica discovered that a taste for American-made cars hinted at a likely Trump voter, and it relied on such signals to pinpoint 13.5 million persuadable voters across 16 battleground states. Bartlett credits it with a major role in the result and expects a growing data arms race between parties.

He wants democracy to evolve again. Governments could oversee algorithms and data collection, break up monopolies with antitrust law, issue their own digital currencies and run public versions of services like Uber. They could also teach digital literacy, make election day a public holiday, protect gig workers, support unions and retraining, and fund it all partly by taxing robots that replace workers.

Bartlett suggests taking control of your own internet use. Install ad blockers so advertisers find it harder to target and manipulate you. Seek out other sources of information and listen to opposing views with an open mind to escape echo chambers. Where possible, choose smaller, more ethical companies for search, social media and taxi services.

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