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11 min 53 sec
Available in:English

Makers: The New Industrial Revolution

Shows how 3D printing, shared design files and crowdfunding let individuals and small firms make physical products that once needed a large factory, and why some manufacturing is returning to wealthy countries.

Table of Content

If you have ever had an idea for a product and assumed it needed a factory, an investor and a container ship from overseas, that assumption is aging fast. In Makers, TED curator Chris Anderson argues that manufacturing is going the way of publishing: anyone with a computer, a design file and a desktop machine can now make physical things at home. Think back to your first printer, and the odd thrill of producing a page that once needed a print shop. Anderson believes that thrill is returning, this time for toys, tools and devices.

His case is that digital design, cheaper machines and online communities are moving the power to make things from a few industrial giants to individuals and small firms. Follow his argument and you will be able to judge where these tools stand today, see how a product can raise money and test demand before it exists, and understand why some factories are coming home after decades abroad.

Anderson’s daughters wanted a particular kind of dollhouse sofa, and the usual toymakers could not offer one in the right size. Their father’s fix cost nothing and points to a very different way of getting the things we want.

A printer that once marked the birth of desktop publishing now sells for pocket money. Anderson reads the same price curve onto home manufacturing, and it suggests the awkward early years are the best time to start learning.

A smartwatch that did not exist yet raised its whole target in a couple of hours. Behind the headline number is a less obvious benefit: finding out whether anyone wants your product before you risk a cent on it.

For decades, cheap labor abroad seemed to settle every argument about where to make things. A toy company, a cash machine maker and an erupting volcano show why that calculation is shifting.

Big manufacturers are not about to vanish, but they are losing their monopoly on making things. A car company building only a couple of thousand vehicles shows where the openings are.

Makers is a book about who gets to make things. For most of the industrial age, turning an idea into an object needed a factory, a supplier overseas and a large company’s approval. Anderson argues that each of those gates is opening at the same time. Design files are shared and remixed online. Machines are following the path printers took from expensive novelty to $100 appliance. Money can come from future customers, and production can sit close to the people who buy. In his view, ordinary people gain more control over which goods exist, and industry will have to reorganize around them.

You do not need a 3D printer to act on this. When something you want is not for sale, look for a shared design and change it to fit, as Anderson did for a dollhouse. When you have a product idea, let a crowdfunding page tell you whether anyone wants it before you spend on equipment. And when you weigh where to make something, count shipping, delays and currency swings next to wages.

Pebble’s backers pledged $100,000 in two hours for a watch that did not yet exist. In Anderson’s new industrial revolution, the factory is no longer the first thing an idea needs.

About this book

What is this book about?

For most of the industrial age, turning an idea into a physical product meant persuading a big manufacturer, finding investors and shipping parts from distant factories. Chris Anderson argues that this is changing in the same way publishing and broadcasting changed when the web arrived. He describes the Makers: people who design objects on computers, produce them with desktop machines such as 3D printers, and share their files online so others can adapt them. Anderson follows the falling cost of these tools, using the history of the desktop laser printer as his guide. He also explains how crowdfunding turns future customers into a project's first investors, and why automation, rising foreign wages and fragile supply chains are pulling some factories back to rich countries. Readers get a clear picture of where manufacturing is heading and practical angles for using it: finding or adapting a design instead of waiting for a store to sell it, testing demand before spending on production, and spotting niche markets that mass producers are too big to serve.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Entrepreneurship & Startups, Technology & the Future

Topics:

Entrepreneurship, Globalization, Innovation, Product-Market Fit

Publisher:

Penguin Random House

Language:

English

Narrator:

Hannah

First published:

January 1, 2012

Pages:

272

Length:

11 min 53 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Inventors and founders

    Inventors and founders with a physical product idea who assume they need a factory or investors first.

  • Deciding where to manufacture

    Managers weighing where to manufacture and wondering whether offshore still pays.

  • Curious about 3D printing

    Curious professionals who want to understand where 3D printing and digital manufacturing are heading.

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About the Author

Chris Anderson

Chris Anderson is a British-American businessman who leads TED, the non-profit that shares talks built around ideas and runs a yearly conference in Vancouver, Canada. He became its curator in 2001 and grew it into a global platform for spreading ideas under the motto "ideas worth spreading." He also founded the video game journalism website IGN. His other books include Infectious Generosity and TED Talks.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

3.4

Overall score based on 31 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find this work essential reading, praising the high-quality writing and fascinating stories based on real examples. Furthermore, the book provides incredible insight into what's coming, with one listener noting it offers a clear and concise vision of paradigm changes. They also appreciate the caliber of the information, with one review highlighting its comprehensive coverage of manufacturing topics, and find it encouraging, with one mentioning how it motivates readers for further research.

Top reviews

Som

Finally got around to reading Chris Anderson's vision for the next industrial revolution, and it’s genuinely inspiring. The way he bridges the gap between digital "bits" and physical "atoms" feels like a natural evolution of his previous work on the long tail. While some critics say it reads like an extended magazine feature, I found the real-world success stories—from TechShop to Etsy—to be incredibly motivating for any aspiring entrepreneur. The book provides a clear and concise vision of how manufacturing is shifting from massive factories back into the hands of individual tinkerers and small-batch creators. I particularly loved the section on how 3D printing and CAD software are lowering barriers to entry that once felt insurmountable. It’s a must-read for anyone who wants to understand why the "Internet of Things" is more than just a buzzword. Even if you aren't planning to build a robot in your garage, the paradigm changes described here are essential for understanding the future of global commerce.

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Aubrey

Wow, what an absolute page-turner for anyone obsessed with where the global economy is heading. Makers is an amazing insight into a future where the distance between a brilliant idea and a physical product is shorter than ever. Anderson’s enthusiasm is infectious, and he backs up his theories with diverse, real-world examples that make the tech feel tangible. The book is incredibly well-written, managing to make complex topics like supply chain agility and open-source hardware feel accessible to a general audience. I particularly enjoyed the chapter on the "we are all designers" concept, which really highlights the empowerment of the modern hobbyist. It’s the kind of book that makes you want to immediately download some software and start building something in your basement. If you're looking for inspiration and a clear vision of how technology is reshaping our physical world, this is it.

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Joshua

This book feels like the spiritual successor to The Long Tail, taking those digital theories and applying them to the world of physical objects. Anderson captures the excitement of the maker movement perfectly, showing how the tools of production have finally caught up with our imaginations. The stories about how small startups are using Alibaba to source parts and Kickstarter to fund production are genuinely fascinating. I appreciated the comprehensive coverage of manufacturing topics, ranging from simple 3D printing to complex global supply chains. It’s an inspiring call to action for anyone who has ever felt like an "amateur" in a world dominated by professionals. The writing is clear, the examples are concrete, and the vision is nothing short of revolutionary. If you want to know what the next ten years of industry will look like, start here.

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Charlotte

As someone who’s spent years in the manufacturing sector, I found Anderson’s insights into the "new industrial revolution" to be remarkably prescient. The shift toward personal fabrication represents a massive paradigm change that most traditional CEOs are still struggling to wrap their heads around. He does a fantastic job explaining how crowdfunding sites like Kickstarter have replaced the need for venture capital in the early prototyping stages. Personally, I found the detailed breakdown of CNC machines and laser cutters to be the most practical part of the text. However, the author’s tendency to use his own companies as case studies felt a bit self-serving at times, which occasionally dampened his credibility. Despite that, the information quality is top-notch and provides a roadmap for how we might bring manufacturing back to the West. It’s a compelling argument for the power of open-source communities to out-innovate corporate giants.

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Anthony

The chapter on DIY biology alone makes this worth the price of admission. While many focus on the 3D printing aspect, Anderson’s exploration of how open-source mentalities are bleeding into the life sciences was truly eye-opening. Not gonna lie, some of the business-heavy sections in the second half of the book were a bit of a slog compared to the early chapters. However, the overall message about the "Internet of Things" and the shift from "bits to atoms" is fundamentally sound. The author provides a wealth of technical resources in the appendix that are genuinely useful for someone looking to get their hands dirty. I do wish there was more discussion on the global labor impacts, as the focus remains very US-centric throughout. Still, it’s a thought-provoking read that will leave you with more questions than answers in the best way possible.

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Gung

Picked this up on a whim after seeing it referenced on a tech blog, and I'm glad I did. It’s a solid deep dive into what happens when the "open source" model of software is applied to physical hardware. I was particularly impressed by the information quality regarding the transition from prototyping to small-batch manufacturing. Though some parts feel a bit like an upper-middle-class hobbyist’s dream, the underlying economic logic about niche markets is very strong. My only real gripe is that it feels a little too much like a collection of magazine articles stitched together, leading to some redundancy. But for a general audience, it provides an excellent entry point into a world that usually feels locked behind factory doors. It’s definitely a must-read for anyone in the tech or manufacturing space who wants to stay ahead of the curve.

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Watcharin

To be fair, Anderson isn't just selling hype here; he's outlining a legitimate shift in how we interact with the world of objects. The book provides a fascinating look at how the barriers between design and manufacturing are dissolving, allowing for a more personalized consumer culture. I found the sections on "rentership" of production tools particularly insightful, even if I don't agree with every single economic conclusion he reaches. The tone is mostly analytical, but you can feel his personal passion for the subject in every anecdote about his own tinkering. While I share some concerns about the environmental impact of printing more "stuff," the potential for localized manufacturing is a paradigm change we can't ignore. It’s an engaging, well-written piece of futurism that motivates you to look at your surroundings in a completely different way.

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Air

Ever wonder if a fascinating 5,000-word essay could be bloated into an entire book? Makers starts with a brilliant premise about the democratization of production, but it quickly descends into repetitive hype and a somewhat narrow Silicon Valley perspective. Truth is, Anderson spends far too much time repeating that "production has gone digital" without addressing the steep learning curve of professional CAD software. I appreciated the historical context of the maker movement in the first half, yet the second half felt like a dry business manual for startups. It’s certainly well-written and offers some fascinating stories about Alibaba and open-source hardware, but the relentless optimism feels a bit dated now. The lack of critical engagement with the environmental impact of 3D printing "junk" was a missed opportunity for a more nuanced discussion. It's a decent primer, but don't expect a deep economic dive.

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Nutnicha

In my experience, tech visionaries often suffer from a severe case of over-optimism. While I enjoyed the historical overview of the geek-punk origins of the maker movement, I couldn't help but feel that Anderson’s "everyone is a producer" mantra is a bit naive. The truth is that mass production still holds a massive cost advantage that 3D printing won't bridge for a long, long time. I also found the constant mentions of the "Long Tail" to be a bit repetitive, as if he's trying to force his old success into this new context. To be fair, the book is quite well-organized and offers some great insights into how communities can drive innovation faster than traditional R&D. But the "success stories" he highlights often feel like outliers rather than a new standard for the average worker. It's a fun read for a weekend, but take the utopian predictions with a massive grain of salt.

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Gift

Look, the initial premise about 3D printing and the democratization of tools is compelling, but the execution falls flat for me. The book feels like mock-populist pandering to a specific demographic of tech-savvy hobbyists who already own a MakerBot. Frankly, Anderson seems to confuse the "means of design" with the actual "means of production," especially when most of his examples still involve shipping files to massive Chinese factories. The writing style is breezy and accessible, but it lacks the intellectual rigor needed to back up its sweeping economic claims. I was particularly frustrated by the dismissive attitude toward the literacy gap; learning CAD isn't something everyone can do in an afternoon. By the time I hit the third chapter about the "long tail" of things, I realized I was reading the same three points on a loop. It’s mostly hype with a thin veneer of substance that doesn't quite hold up under scrutiny.

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Questions about this book

Anderson argues that manufacturing is becoming open to everyone, much as publishing did with the web. Makers design objects on computers, produce them with tools like 3D printers and share their files online. Combined with cheaper machines, crowdfunding and automation, this lets individuals and small firms make goods that once required a large manufacturer, with big effects on how industry is organized.

Crowdfunding sites like Kickstarter let backers pay in advance, turning sales into presales that cover early production costs instead of loans or venture capital. Backers become an engaged community that spreads the word, as with Pebble, which hit its $100,000 goal in two hours and reached $10 million in three weeks. A campaign that falls short also tells you, cheaply, that the product needs rethinking.

He gives several reasons. Automation reduces the advantage of cheap labor, which led Wham-O to bring half its production back to the United States and NCR to move cash machine production to Georgia. Wages in China have risen fast, and long supply chains face risks from pirates, strikes, volcanic eruptions, oil prices and currency moves. Producing near customers is also faster and more flexible.

Not according to Anderson. He compares it to AT&T surviving the arrival of the web: companies such as General Mills will remain, but they lose their monopoly on making things. They will compete with small producers serving niche markets with custom goods in short runs, like Local Motors, which builds 2,000 cars using 3D printing and other digital methods.

It suits inventors and founders with a physical product idea, business leaders deciding where to manufacture, and anyone curious about 3D printing and the future of industry. Its practical lessons include adapting shared design files instead of waiting for stores, using crowdfunding to test demand before spending on production, and looking for niche customers that mass producers overlook.

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