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14 min 31 sec
Available in:English

Collaborating with the Enemy: How to Work with People You Don't Agree with or Like or Trust

A facilitator's method for making progress with rivals, opponents and people you distrust. You don't need agreement, liking or trust first, just a shared sense that something is wrong and the willingness to experiment.

Table of Content

If the people you most need on a project are the ones you least trust, waiting to build rapport first can leave you stuck for years. In Collaborating with the Enemy, facilitator Adam Kahane argues that the usual idea of collaboration is the trap. It assumes a harmonious team that agrees on where it is going, how to get there and who does what. In deeply divided places such as post-apartheid South Africa, Colombia and Thailand, that demand would have made progress impossible.

His alternative, stretch collaboration, sets a much lower bar. Important work can get done with people you neither agree with, like nor trust, as long as you accept conflict alongside connection, feel your way forward through experiments and own your part in the mess. Drawn from more than thirty years with leaders in over fifty countries, the approach gives you a way to work with a rival department, a difficult relative or a political opponent without giving up what you believe.

A seasoned facilitator admits he still slips into the same mental habit that wrecks so many partnerships. What he changed instead is smaller, more realistic and far easier to copy than giving the habit up.

Working together is usually treated as the mature, decent thing to do. Kahane disagrees, and a scenario exercise in Thailand gave him a simple test for when it is the right move and when it is a reflex.

A city councillor sat down with the man who had tried to have him killed. The reason he gave, and what a future president learned in the same country, resets how much agreement any joint effort needs.

The methods that run a good department often collapse the moment you work across silos. Kahane explains why, and why he changed his own mind about the old model after working in Dubai.

Keeping the peace feels like the safe way to hold a fragile partnership together. Kahane warns it can do serious damage, and he borrows an image from breathing to show what to do instead.

A group of lost soldiers found their way using the wrong map. Kahane uses their story, along with Picasso and a dolphin game, to show why acting before you are sure beats waiting for a plan.

The question a facilitator hears more than any other carries a hidden assumption that dooms the work. A bad project in India and a phrase coined in Paraguay show the turn that frees a stuck group.

Kahane’s book offers something close to relief. The belief that you must agree with, like and trust someone before working with them keeps many important efforts from ever starting. Drop it, and a councillor can sit down with the man who tried to kill him, and two presidents at opposite ends of the political map can still get necessary things done.

What replaces that belief is a posture Kahane calls abiding: trading fear, anger and certainty for faith, curiosity and creativity, and trading hurry, arrogance and separation for patience, humility and engagement. He treats it as a practice, never a finished state. His closing suggestion is to find one small, repeatable activity that brings you peace, such as a walk without your phone, a few quiet minutes by a candle or slowly watering plants, and keep it up for a week.

Then, the next time a colleague, relative or counterpart starts to look like an enemy, notice the story you are telling, decide whether collaborating is really your choice, and run one small experiment that depends only on you. The breakthroughs Kahane keeps seeing come when everyone involved accepts that no one can fully control the outcome, and that includes you.

About this book

What is this book about?

Most advice on teamwork assumes the people involved can first agree on the goal, the plan and who does what. In polarized workplaces, families and countries, that agreement never comes, and the most important work stalls because the people we need most are the ones we least want to sit with. Adam Kahane spent more than thirty years leading dialogue between bitter opponents, from South Africa's transition out of apartheid to Colombia's road to peace and scenario work with Thai leaders. He argues that the conventional idea of collaboration is the problem. In its place he offers stretch collaboration, built on three moves: embracing conflict as well as connection, experimenting your way forward instead of following a fixed plan, and stepping into the game by seeing how you are part of the problem. Readers learn to spot the habit Kahane calls enemyfying, to decide honestly whether to collaborate, force, adapt or exit, and to start small experiments with people they may never agree with. The book offers practical exercises, and also some relief: far more is possible with opponents than most of us assume.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Communication & Social Skills, Management & Leadership

Topics:

Conflict Resolution, Self-Awareness, Teamwork

Publisher:

Berrett-Koehler Publishers

Language:

English

Narrator:

Caleb

First published:

June 5, 2017

Pages:

160

Length:

14 min 31 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Delivering with distrusted partners

    Managers and project leads who must deliver with rival departments or partners they distrust.

  • Working across deep divides

    Founders, organizers and public servants working across deep political or commercial divides.

  • Wanting progress without agreement

    Anyone stuck in a family or community conflict who wants progress without pretending to agree.

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About the Author

Adam Kahane

Adam Kahane is an author and facilitator who has worked in more than fifty countries with people ranging from business executives and trade unionists to clergy and artists. In the early 1990s he led scenario work at Royal Dutch Shell in London. He studied physics at McGill University and energy and resource economics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is a Member of the Order of Canada and in 2022 was named Social Innovation Thought Leader of the Year by the Schwab Foundation at the World Economic Forum.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4.2

Overall score based on 45 ratings.

What people think

Listeners consider the book a vital read that offers pragmatic tips and collaborative case studies, with one listener noting its effectiveness for navigating the modern political environment. Opinions on the narrative flow and writing style are varied, with some listeners praising the prose while others remain unimpressed. Furthermore, listeners are divided on the feasibility of practicing and implementing the proposed strategies. Despite these points, several listeners feel the book is not a worthwhile use of their time or money.

Top reviews

Kaen

Wow, this really changed how I think about "enemyfying" the people I disagree with in professional and political circles. Adam Kahane provides a masterclass in how to move beyond the desire for control and instead embrace an emergent way of working together. I’ve read a lot of management books, but few address the reality that we often have to work with people we genuinely dislike or distrust. The metaphor of "crossing the river by feeling for stones" is beautiful and perfectly describes the experimentation needed in high-conflict zones. I found his analysis of the dialectic between love and power to be transformative for my own facilitation practice. Even though the writing style is simple, the wisdom contained in these pages is profound and immediately applicable. This should be required reading for anyone involved in community organizing or corporate leadership.

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Pruet

Finally got around to reading this and it’s easily one of the most important books for the current political climate. Kahane doesn't offer "kumbaya" solutions; he offers a gritty, realistic framework for working through radical differences without requiring everyone to like each other. The stories from Colombia, where leaders sat down with paramilitaries who had tried to kill them, were incredibly moving and put my own petty office conflicts into perspective. I loved the emphasis on the fact that you cannot change the system without being willing to change yourself first. The book is short, but every chapter is packed with insights that I’ve already started applying to my work with non-profits. It isn't often that a book fundamentally shifts your worldview, but this one managed to do exactly that. It is worth every penny.

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Lincoln

After hearing Kahane speak on CBC radio, I had high expectations for this book, and for the most part, it delivered a much-needed perspective. This is truly a book for our times, especially given how divided our current political and social climates have become. Kahane challenges the myth that collaboration must be harmonious, arguing instead that we should embrace the discord and conflict inherent in any diverse group. I particularly loved the examples from his work with the global drug trade and South Africa’s transition away from apartheid. My only real gripe is that the writing can be a bit dull at times, which makes it a slow read despite the slim page count. Still, the guidelines for "unconventional collaboration" are practical enough to be used in any high-stakes environment. It’s a solid resource for anyone leading a team.

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Niramai

This book offers a radical alternative to the standard "win-win" negotiation tactics that often fail when people truly don't trust each other. I was wishing I was reading this with a highlighter in hand instead of listening to the audiobook during my morning commute! The sections on "co-creating" and "open listening" are particularly strong and provide a roadmap for moving forward when there is no consensus on the problem. To be fair, the author’s background at Shell and in government might make some of the examples feel a bit "elite," but the core principles are sound. It requires a lot of personal growth to admit that your own perspective might be part of the system’s failure. It isn't an easy book to implement, but it’s a necessary one for anyone trying to solve complex problems.

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Dylan

I’m torn on this one because while the message is vital for our polarized world, the delivery is somewhat dry and uninspiring. The author does a great job explaining why we need to work with people we dislike, yet he falls short when explaining the technical "how." The power-love framework alone made the purchase worth it for me, as it perfectly encapsulates the tension in any collaborative effort. However, the book is quite short and feels like it could have been a long-form essay rather than a full-length publication. To be honest, the writing isn't exactly scintillating, and I found myself getting distracted by the strange formatting choices. It’s a decent introductory text for those new to systems thinking, but seasoned facilitators might find it a bit basic.

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Nuk

Is it possible to enjoy a book while also finding it somewhat repetitive and a bit superficial in its analysis? Kahane is clearly a master of his craft, but this volume feels like a high-level overview rather than a deep dive into the mechanics of conflict. I appreciated the honesty regarding his failures in places like Colombia, which made the advice feel more authentic. Yet, I kept waiting for a "lightbulb moment" that never quite arrived during my reading of the middle chapters. The idea that we must accept being part of the problem to be part of the solution is a powerful takeaway that I will definitely reflect on. In my experience, these kinds of "stretch" collaborations are much harder to pull off than the book suggests. It is an okay starting point, but you will need other resources to actually do the work.

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Thongchai

The central premise about "stretch collaboration" is intellectually interesting, but the execution falls flat for me. I was hoping for deep research and evidence-based strategies, but the book relies almost entirely on personal anecdotes and subjective reflections. While Kahane’s history in South Africa and Thailand is impressive, his "revelations" often felt like common sense dressed up in fancy terminology. I found the writing style a bit sluggish and struggled to stay engaged during the more theoretical chapters. To me, the most useful information was condensed into a single graphic on page 47 and the summary at the very end. Everything in between felt like filler that didn't quite justify the price of the book. It’s an okay read if you like hearing about high-level facilitation, but don't expect a rigorous academic study.

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Boss

As an HR professional, I was expecting a new toolkit for mediation, but I found that most of these points are standard operating procedure in my field. Kahane speaks with authority, but his tone can come across as a bit self-indulgent when he recounts his successes. The concept of "enemyfying" others is a brilliant term, yet the book doesn't offer enough concrete guidance on how to stop doing it in the heat of a real argument. Look, the message is noble—we have to work together—but the path to get there is described through vague metaphors like "crossing the river by feeling for stones." It is frustrating because the author clearly knows his stuff, but he fails to translate that expertise into something the average reader can implement. I think there are better books on conflict resolution that are more grounded in reality.

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Roongsak

Frankly, this was a massive disappointment given the hype surrounding Kahane's work in international conflict zones. The subtitle is incredibly misleading; I expected a manual for navigating office politics, but instead, I got stories about civil wars and paramilitary leaders. While the stakes are obviously higher in South Africa or Colombia, those examples feel light-years away from the daily grind of a corporate environment. The writing is surprisingly dull for such a high-stakes topic, and the amateurish illustrations actually made it harder for me to take the advice seriously. I found myself skimming by the halfway point because the "practical" tips felt more like vague philosophical musings. It is a rare case where a book’s title sounds more interesting than the actual content. Save your money and just look up the "power-love" framework online.

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Prae

What a confusing title choice for what is essentially a memoir of international diplomacy rather than a functional business guide. I picked this up because I wanted better strategies for dealing with a toxic boss, but Kahane focuses on "enemies" who literally want to kill each other. Unless you are brokering peace between warring factions in the Middle East, most of the anecdotes won't feel applicable to your life. To be fair, the author clearly has a wealth of experience, but he spends more time bragging about the influential people he knows than providing actionable steps. The layout feels like a homemade leaflet, which is bizarre for a mainstream publication. It honestly felt like a waste of time to trudge through the repetitive stories about Shell and various government entities. I would not recommend this to anyone looking for workplace advice.

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Questions about this book

Kahane argues that we frequently have to cooperate with people whose views we reject, whom we dislike or distrust, and that the conventional model of collaboration, built on harmony, a fixed plan and changing others, makes this impossible. He proposes stretch collaboration instead, drawing on decades of facilitation in places such as South Africa, Colombia and Thailand, and applies it to issues from democracy and climate change to families.

Stretch collaboration is Kahane’s approach for situations with high conflict or high complexity. It is organized horizontally, with autonomous collaborators and distributed leadership, and its trade-off is lower predictability and greater risk. It rests on three stretches: embracing both conflict and connection, experimenting your way forward like crossing a river by feeling for stones, and stepping into the game by seeing how you are part of the problem.

Enemyfying is Kahane’s word for turning people we disagree with, distrust or feel threatened by into enemies, splitting a messy situation into us and them. It feels good because it simplifies reality and removes our own responsibility, but it narrows our options and hardens conflict. He suggests noticing your bodily signals and the story you are telling, then shifting perspective and choosing a response.

Kahane says collaboration is one of four options, alongside forcing, adapting and exiting. You collaborate when you can change a situation but not on your own, force when you can change it alone, adapt when you can live with it, and exit when you can neither change nor bear it. He warns against choosing by reflex, and notes the choice can shift over time.

Start by listing the agreements you think you need with a difficult colleague, then ask how you could work without each one. Look for a shared sense that something is wrong rather than a shared goal. Run one small experiment, learn and adjust. Instead of asking how to get others to change, ask how you contribute to the situation and what you will do next.

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