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13 min 56 sec
Available in:English

Writing That Works: How To Communicate Effectively In Business

A practical guide to business writing. It shows how to make emails, letters, presentations, plans, proposals, direct mail and job applications clear, specific and built to get the reader to act.

Table of Content

Most business writing fails for one reason: the reader has to dig for the point. In Writing That Works, advertising executives Kenneth Roman and Joel Raphaelson argue that the cure is the same for an email, a speech, a funding request or a resume. Use plain words, give specific facts and lead the reader straight to the action you want. The Wall Street Journal, they note, never lets an opening paragraph run beyond three sentences, and that kind of restraint is the habit they want every professional to build.

Their case rests on one idea. Good business writing is built around the reader’s limited time, and every format rewards the writer who states what they want first and proves it with specifics. What follows is a working kit for the documents you send at work, from the subject line of an email to the P.S. on a sales letter.

A single vague sentence can make a reader doubt everything that follows it. The authors show how plain words and specific claims keep a reader’s trust, and why a Harvard scholar thought young scholars write convoluted prose out of fear.

Most emails die unread, and many that are read never get acted on. One small choice about who goes in the address line can decide whether anything happens at all.

Slides full of tidy labels can still leave an audience unsure what they just saw. A small change to every chart, and one harsh question asked in advance, changes what people remember.

A plan can be full of true facts and still change nothing. The authors use a franchise example to show the shape that turns scattered points into a recommendation people act on.

The authors advise stating the request in the first paragraph and giving the reasons for it afterward. A consulting firm’s pitch to a famous garden shows what a board needs to see first.

Junk mail is usually read standing over the recycling bin, which gives a letter seconds to survive. The most-read part of it is not where most writers put their effort.

Two applicants with the same experience can get very different replies. The difference often lies in a bold first line, a named greeting, and one step that most candidates skip.

Mark Twain had a ruthless rule for revision that most writers would find painful. Paired with a second reader and a few layout choices, it turns a decent draft into one people want to read.

Roman and Raphaelson come from advertising, and they carry an advertiser’s discipline into every memo and letter. Their book treats business writing as one skill in many forms. A subject line, a chart headline, a funding request and a P.S. all succeed for the same reason: the writer has decided what the reader should do and cleared away whatever stands in the way.

That gives you a quick test for any draft this week. Read the first sentence as a busy stranger would and see whether your request is already clear. Swap one vague claim for a number, the way enrollment that tripled to 210 beats any boast about record growth. Give each request one owner and one date. Then cut hard, a third if Twain was right, and hand it to someone else before it goes.

The best business writing tends to go unnoticed. The reader understands, agrees and acts, never sensing how much work it took to make that easy.

About this book

What is this book about?

Most people at work write all day, yet few were ever taught to write for business. A friendly personal email is one skill. A memo that wins a budget, a chart that makes its point, or a cover letter that gets an interview is another. Kenneth Roman and Joel Raphaelson are experts in American business marketing, and they apply that experience to the many forms business writing can take. Their approach rests on two foundations: simplicity and accuracy. That means short words, short sentences and short paragraphs, and specific claims in place of vague ones. On that base, the authors work through each format in turn. They cover subject lines and signoffs, presentations built on one theme, plans shaped like a pyramid, proposals and funding requests, direct mail that gets opened, and resumes and cover letters. Readers get concrete rules they can use on the next draft: put the request up front, give each request one owner and one date, give every chart a headline, test a mailing on a small sample, and cut hard before sending. The book closes with practical advice on editing, formatting and inclusive pronouns.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Communication & Social Skills

Topics:

Copywriting, Public Speaking, Workplace Communication, Writing

Publisher:

HarperCollins

Language:

English

Narrator:

Caleb

First published:

January 1, 1981

Pages:

193

Length:

13 min 56 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Staff whose emails stall

    Professionals whose emails, reports and proposals get ignored or come back with questions.

  • Leaders pitching plans

    Managers and founders who write plans, pitches and funding requests that must win a decision.

  • Applicants and junior staff

    Job seekers and early-career staff who want a resume and cover letter that get a reply.

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About the Author

Kenneth Roman

Kenneth Roman (1930 to 2026) was an advertising executive who also became an author. Joel Raphaelson spent part of his career as an Executive Creative Director at Ogilvy. He is now mostly retired, though he still writes now and then about writing and other subjects. The two worked together on more than this book: Raphaelson edited The Unpublished David Ogilvy, a collection he put together with Roman. Both bring long experience in American business marketing, a field where writing has to earn attention to succeed.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4.1

Overall score based on 84 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find this writing handbook indispensable, providing superb guidance and ranking it as one of the top three business writing resources available. The material is straightforward to grasp with concise explanations, and one listener points out that it features current advice on managing emails. While listeners regard it as a contemporary classic, some note that the examples used feel somewhat behind the times.

Top reviews

Supaporn

As someone who writes for a living, I found this guide to be an absolute masterclass in clarity. David Ogilvy recommended this to his staff for a reason; it cuts through the jargon and corporate fluff that plagues modern offices. The emphasis on writing so you cannot be misunderstood changed how I approach my morning correspondence. I particularly loved the section on separating the writing phase from the editing phase—it is a simple shift that stops analysis paralysis in its tracks. Truth is, many people think they are good writers because they use big words, but Roman and Raphaelson prove that simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. Even though some mentions of office technology are dated, the psychological principles of empathy for the reader remain evergreen. I have already started using the 'one person in mind' trick for my slide decks, and the feedback from my team has been phenomenal.

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Dylan

Finally got around to reading this modern classic and it lived up to the hype. The main takeaway for me was the concept of empathy in writing. You have to consider what your reader knows and what they need to hear, rather than just dumping information. This is especially true for technical subjects where jargon usually acts as a barrier to entry. The authors provide fantastic 'before and after' examples that illustrate how a verbose, pompous sentence can be transformed into something punchy and human. I love the advice to use time-tested words rather than trendy buzzwords. It makes you sound more professional and authoritative. Personally, I think this should be required reading for anyone in management. It is direct, right-to-the-point, and incredibly actionable. Even the bits about gendered language were handled with a level of common sense that you do not always see in older texts.

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Manee

Look, if you want to stop shuffling paper from one pile to another and actually get work done, read this. The productivity tips—like handling things only once—have saved me hours each week. Most people focus on the 'writing' part of the title, but the 'that works' part is where the real value lies. It is about office efficiency. I especially liked the bit about 'maturing files' for complex problems; it has saved me from several unnecessary arguments. The writing advice is equally sharp. The authors remind us that an active voice makes writing more energetic and personal, preventing you from sounding like a faceless institution. I have started applying their 'plain English' rule to my technical reports, and my clients are finally understanding my recommendations. It is a short, powerful book that delivers exactly what it promises. Highly recommended for any ambitious professional who values their time.

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Tan

The chapter on presentations alone is worth the price of admission. Instead of focusing on flashy transitions, the authors argue for a 'pulsing essence' that gets things done through logic and passion. I have started using numbered headlines instead of vague labels on my slides, and it makes my argument so much easier for the audience to follow. My boss actually noticed the difference in our last quarterly review! To be honest, I was skeptical about a book this old, but the fundamental rules of human communication do not change just because we use different software. The advice to handle paper only once is a bit harder to implement in a digital world, but the spirit of it—decide, file, or delete immediately—is a total productivity lifesaver. My only gripe is that the examples of 'bad' writing are sometimes so exaggerated they feel like caricatures. Still, it is a top-tier guide.

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Thida

Frankly, my inbox was a disaster until I applied these principles. I used to write long-winded explanations, thinking I was being thorough, but I was really just being a 'mumbler' in written form. Roman and Raphaelson teach you to be short, clear, and direct. The tip about putting what you want the reader to do right at the beginning is a total game-changer for office productivity. In my experience, most business writing is just people trying to sound smart, whereas this book advocates for using words you would say if you were face-to-face. It is a refreshing take. I did find the section on 'maturing files' for knotty problems a bit odd—most of my problems will not just disappear if I leave them in a folder for a week—but the editing checklists are invaluable. I have a post-it note with their rules taped to my monitor now to keep my emails punchy.

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Prapaiwan

Good writing isn't about being fancy; it's about being understood. This book hammers that point home with every chapter. I appreciated the specific advice on how to complain effectively—staying firm but courteous instead of letting anger take over your prose. That is a life skill, not just a writing skill! The layout of the book itself is a great example of its own philosophy: it uses clear headings and bullet points to make information accessible. Look, some of the technology references feel like a time capsule from twenty years ago, but the underlying logic holds up. I have started letting my drafts sit for a day before editing, as suggested, and the clarity of my thoughts has improved immensely. It is a great tool for anyone who feels like their messages are getting lost in the shuffle of a busy corporate office. It is easily one of the top three guides on my desk.

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Carter

Picked this up after seeing it on a recommended list for university students, and I have mixed feelings. On one hand, the advice on internal memos and email etiquette is gold. We have all received those 'three emails in one' messes that take twenty minutes to untangle, and this book offers a clear cure for that. On the other hand, some sections—like the one on resumes—felt incredibly boring and a bit redundant for anyone who has looked at a job board recently. I also noticed that the authors frequently reference their work with Ogilvy, which starts to feel like a bit of an internal circle-jerk after a while. Is it a must-read? Probably not. Is it a helpful resource for someone struggling to get a reply to their emails? Definitely. It is a solid reference that I will keep on my shelf for the formatting tips, even if I skip the chapters on voice mail.

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Yindee

Ever wonder why some business books try to cover everything at once? Writing That Works attempts to be the definitive guide for emails, presentations, proposals, and speeches, but it ends up being a bit spread thin. At 180 pages, it is a quick read, but I often felt like I wanted more depth on the 'how-to' rather than just being told to be clear. For example, the presentation section tells you to rehearse until you are spontaneous, but it does not offer much on managing stage fright. Not gonna lie, I also found the 'don't mumble' advice to be a bit condescending for a professional text. However, the section on avoiding jargon and using the active voice is genuinely excellent. It is a decent book for a quick brush-up on the basics, but do not expect it to turn you into a professional orator overnight. It serves better as a set of reminders than a comprehensive textbook.

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Dek

Not what I expected given the high praise from industry legends. While the core message of being brief is solid, many of the examples feel stuck in the 1980s. Does anyone actually use the term 'ISDN' or care about the etiquette of carbon copies in the Slack era? To be fair, the advice on active voice is useful, but the book tries to cover too much ground in under 200 pages. It jumps from emails to resumes to high-stakes presentations without ever diving deep enough into any single topic to be truly transformative for an experienced professional. It is essentially a primer for absolute beginners who have never sent a formal business letter. If you have been in the workforce for more than six months, you likely know ninety percent of this already. I found the tone a bit perfunctory and dry. It is not a bad book, just a very basic one that hasn't aged as well as its proponents claim.

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Watcharee

I'll be blunt: this felt like a collection of common sense packaged for an ad agency. While it is promoted as an evergreen classic, much of it feels like it belongs in a museum. The advice to 'not mumble' is essentially the only thing I took away from the speaking section, which is common knowledge. The rest of the book tells you to be short and clear in emails, which is something every productivity blog post has said for the last decade. Also, the fact that David Ogilvy recommended it is less impressive when you realize the authors were his employees. It feels a bit like a vanity project for the agency. To be fair, the active voice examples were okay, but I would not call this an 'invaluable' guide in the age of AI. It is too perfunctory for my taste and fails to tackle the nuances of modern digital collaboration.

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Questions about this book

Kenneth Roman and Joel Raphaelson argue that good business writing rests on simplicity and accuracy, and that every format rewards the same habits. Use short words and sentences, replace vague claims with specific facts, write in an active voice and state what you want first. They then apply those rules to emails, letters, presentations, plans, proposals, direct mail, resumes and cover letters.

The authors start with the subject line, your only chance to stand out in a crowded inbox. Set a positive tone in the subject and the signoff, since tone is easily misread online. Get to the point, and try cutting half of your first draft. When you need someone to act, send it to one person, because several recipients blur who is responsible.

They recommend a pyramid. The overall purpose sits at the top, such as acquiring a growing franchise. Below it are packages with their own goals, then the facts that support each goal. The plan ends with clear recommendations that name both the action and the reason, like researching six possibly profitable locations in order to build new stores. Reports state their purpose at once and put graphs in an appendix.

Open the resume with a bold summary of your skills, experience or results, then list past jobs in order with specific achievements. Leave out your age, a photo and irrelevant details. Address the cover letter to a named person, say directly why you are writing, keep it to about half a page and close with when you will call. Then follow up, and send a thoughtful note after any conversation.

Take your next draft and check its first sentence: a busy reader should already know what you want. Replace one general claim with a specific number, and turn one passive sentence into an active one. Give each request one owner and a deadline. Then cut hard, following Mark Twain’s advice to remove one word in three, and ask someone else to read it before you send it.

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