Opens in a new tab
13 min 46 sec
Available in:Englishไทย

The Radium Girls: The Dark Story of America’s Shining Women

The true story of young women poisoned while painting glowing watch dials, the companies that denied it in court, and how their long fight changed workplace safety and the law on corporate negligence.

Table of Content

Most of us assume a paying job comes with a basic promise: the employer will not knowingly hurt us. In The Radium Girls, Kate Moore tells the true story of young American women who were paid well to paint glowing watch dials, and taught to put the poisoned brush in their mouths hundreds of times a day. Their employers called it harmless. It was killing them.

Moore follows these women from the glamour of the studio to the dentist’s chair, the autopsy table and the courtroom, where a handful of sick workers took on companies with professional legal teams. The thread running through every stage is simple and uncomfortable: a business that profits from a hazard will deny, delay and hide it, and only persistent people, often at terrible personal cost, force the truth into the law.

Hear this story and you will recognize the tactics a negligent employer uses, the questions worth asking about any risk at work, and why safety rules many of us take for granted exist at all.

People once paid for jars that turned their drinking water radioactive, and drank several glasses a day for their health. The warnings already existed. What kept the people selling it from hearing them?

The job paid more than almost any other open to working-class women, and sisters recruited sisters. But the pay system and one small painting habit turned every shift into a dose of poison.

Loose teeth, gums that would not heal, a jaw that broke apart in a woman’s hand. Doctors saw the symptoms for years and still guessed wrong. What finally revealed the cause?

A hired expert who was not a medical doctor, an outside report kept out of sight, an autopsy done an hour early. The companies had a playbook, and its moves are still worth knowing.

One settlement came with strings designed to cut off payments. One guilty verdict was appealed eight times. The women who kept fighting changed the law, though not all of them lived to see it.

Their cases shaped the safety measures of the atomic bomb program and helped create a national safety agency. Yet a former company president opened a new radium business in the same town, and it ran for decades.

The radium girls were promised a glamorous, well-paid job and given a slow poison, then told by lawyers, hired experts and appeals that the poison was not to blame. Moore’s account adds up to a map of how negligence protects itself: reward the risky behavior, call it harmless, cast doubt on the sick, and wait for them to run out of money and time. It also shows what breaks that pattern. A dentist who made a referral, a doctor who ran the tests, lawyers like Raymond Berry and Leonard Grossman, and women like Catherine Donahue who refused to give up.

Their courage is worth carrying into ordinary work. When pay rises with exposure to a hazard, ask who set that rate and what they knew. When a company answers a health complaint with its own expert, look for an independent one. And when you hear that the rules have fixed everything, remember that a former company president kept exposing workers to radium in the same town until 1978.

The paint was meant to make time visible in the dark. The women who wore it home made something darker visible: what it costs when an employer looks away.

About this book

What is this book about?

In the early twentieth century, radium was sold as a miracle cure and mixed into paint that made watch dials glow. Working-class American women, some only 15, took well-paid jobs painting those dials and were taught to shape their brushes with their lips, swallowing radium hundreds of times a day. Kate Moore follows what happened next: crumbling jaws, years of misdiagnosis, and the moment a Newark physician found the women were radioactive. Then came the courtroom battle against the United States Radium Corporation, based in New Jersey, and against the Radium Dial Corporation of Illinois, firms that relied on a paid expert lacking a medical degree, concealed genuine findings, hurried an autopsy and carried a guilty verdict on appeal up through the courts until it reached the nation's highest bench. The book shows how negligence protects itself and what it takes to break it. It also traces the women's legacy, from safety measures in the Manhattan Project to the founding of a federal workplace safety agency, and warns that some employers kept the same practices for decades afterward.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

History

Topics:

Business Scandals, Criminal Justice, Medicine

Publisher:

Penguin Random House

Language:

English, ไทย

Narrator:

Caleb

First published:

June 1, 2016

Pages:

496

Length:

13 min 46 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Staff and team leads

    Employees and team leads who want to recognize when a workplace risk is being played down.

  • Founders and managers

    Managers and founders who want a vivid case for putting worker safety ahead of short-term profit.

  • Drawn to underdog trials

    Readers drawn to true stories of ordinary people taking on powerful companies in court.

Listen to Preview

About the Author

Kate Moore

Kate Moore is a bestselling author whose books have been translated into more than 12 languages. Alongside The Radium Girls, her work includes Felix the Railway Cat, which reached third place on the Sunday Times Bestsellers list. In The Radium Girls she tells a true story of workplace poisoning and the women who fought back in court.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4.5

Overall score based on 26 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find this an incredible experience featuring a masterfully narrated historical tale, superbly crafted as narrative non-fiction with impressive depth of research. The work grips audiences from the very start and is viewed as vital and intriguing history; one listener characterizes it as an elegantly recounted historical record of unimaginable wrongs. Reactions to the emotional weight are varied, with listeners calling it tragic and sorrowful, and opinions on the tempo are similarly split, as some find the progression stirring while others feel it slows down significantly.

Top reviews

Gai

Wow. This was one of the most gut-wrenching and essential books I’ve picked up in years, and I can't stop thinking about it. Kate Moore has done a magnificent job of taking a dry historical event and turning it into a vivid, breathing narrative that honors these women. I was horrified to learn how the companies knowingly poisoned their workers and then tried to smear their reputations to avoid paying medical bills. The way the radium literally settled into their bones and caused their jaws to disintegrate was described in such visceral, painful detail. It’s a heavy read that will likely make you angry, but the strength of the Maggia sisters and Grace Fryer is truly inspiring. This is a powerful testament to the necessity of worker protections and the endurance of the human spirit. While the medical descriptions are tough to stomach, they are necessary to grasp the scale of the injustice.

Show more
Alice

After hearing so many people talk about the 'shining girls,' I finally understood the horror behind that seemingly beautiful nickname. This book is a masterclass in narrative non-fiction, managing to be both a medical mystery and a courtroom drama at the same time. The level of research is simply staggering, as Moore reconstructs the daily lives of these dial painters with such intimacy that you feel like you know them personally. I found myself gasping at the descriptions of the 'lip-pointing' technique and the callousness of the doctors who were paid to lie to these dying teenagers. It’s an infuriating look at how profit is often prioritized over human life, yet it’s also a beautiful tribute to the women who fought back. Please be warned that the medical descriptions are quite graphic, but they are necessary to understand the scale of this tragedy. This is a book that everyone should read at least once.

Show more
Lek

Imagine working a job that literally makes you glow in the dark, only to find out that the 'magical' substance is eating you from the inside out. This book is a stunning portrayal of a group of women who refused to be silenced by the powerful men who were profiting from their slow and painful deaths. I was particularly struck by the sense of community among the workers, as they supported one another even as their own families struggled with the mounting medical costs. Moore's writing is incredibly evocative, painting a picture of a time when radium was the height of fashion and girls painted it on their teeth for fun. It’s a dark, tragic, and ultimately triumphant story about the power of the truth and the importance of holding large corporations accountable for their actions. I can't recommend this enough to fans of history or anyone who appreciates a well-told story about underdogs fighting for justice.

Show more
Matteo

These women were absolute warriors who refused to stay silent while their bodies were literally falling apart due to the negligence of their employers. I was moved to tears by the descriptions of the Maggia sisters and their relentless pursuit of the truth in a world that wanted to ignore them. The way Moore weaves together personal letters and court transcripts makes the history feel immediate and incredibly personal for the modern reader. It’s a difficult book to get through at times because of the graphic nature of the radium's effects, but it's an important story that needs to be told. I walked away from this feeling a profound sense of gratitude for the workers' rights that we often take for granted today. If you have any interest in women's history or social justice, you absolutely must pick up a copy of this book immediately. It is truly an unforgettable reading experience.

Show more
Carlos

Finally got around to this historical account and I’m just stunned by how much I didn't know about this specific era of American history. The narrative non-fiction style works perfectly here, making the facts feel as engaging as a novel while maintaining the integrity of the research. I was especially impressed by the way the author detailed the scientific community's slow realization of the dangers of radioactivity. Watching the women fight for justice even as they were too weak to stand up in court was one of the most moving things I’ve ever read. This is a beautifully written and meticulously researched tribute to the 'shining girls' who changed the world through their suffering and their courage. Every chapter is filled with a sense of urgency that keeps you turning the pages, even when the subject matter is difficult to stomach. It is truly an essential read for anyone interested in the human side of history and science.

Show more
New

Kate Moore has clearly done an incredible amount of homework for this project, utilizing diaries and letters to bring the 1920s back to life. I was fascinated by the early chapters that described how radium was once considered a miracle cure for everything from fatigue to aging. The transition from the 'shining girls' who glowed after work to the women who were dying in agony was masterfully handled by the author. Sometimes the sheer volume of names and dates became a bit much to handle, but the emotional core of the story never wavered. I particularly appreciated the focus on the legal precedents set by these women, which still protect workers in factories across the country today. It’s an informative and deeply moving piece of narrative non-fiction that deserves a spot on everyone's bookshelf. To be fair, the pacing slows down in the middle, but the conclusion is incredibly impactful.

Show more
Oak

The sheer level of corporate greed on display in this historical account is enough to make anyone's blood boil with righteous anger. I was captivated by the story of how these young women, many of whom were just teenagers, had to take on massive corporations while their health was rapidly failing. The book does an excellent job of explaining the science of radium poisoning without making it feel like a boring textbook or a dry lecture. My only minor complaint is that the pacing occasionally felt a bit uneven during the middle chapters when the litigation seemed to stall out. Regardless of those small lulls, the overall impact of the story is undeniable and left me feeling deeply reflective about our current labor laws. This is a vital piece of history that should be taught in schools to ensure these women are never forgotten again. It is a long read, but it is worth every minute.

Show more
Siraporn

Not many non-fiction books manage to read like a fast-paced thriller, but this account of the radium dial painters certainly achieves that goal. I found the first half of the book particularly gripping as we watched the girls discover their 'superpower' of glowing in the dark before the symptoms began to emerge. The author does a great job of balancing the individual stories of the women with the broader social and legal implications of their lawsuits. Look, the book is definitely a long read, and there are moments where the repetitive nature of the illnesses can feel overwhelming to the reader. However, the emotional payoff in the final chapters is more than worth the investment of time and energy required to finish it. It’s a heartbreaking reminder of the human cost of industrial progress and the bravery of those who stand up for what is right. I learned so much about the early labor movement from this.

Show more
Mingkwan

Is it possible for a historical account to be both incredibly detailed and slightly repetitive at the same time? I found myself struggling to keep track of the dozens of different women introduced, as many of their stories began to blend together after a while. The middle section of the book definitely drags, especially when the legal battles become bogged down in minute details that don't always propel the story forward. To be fair, the descriptions of the physical ailments are absolutely haunting and will likely stay with me for a very long time. I am glad I read this because it shines a light on a forgotten tragedy, but the pacing made it a much slower read than I anticipated. It's a solid piece of non-fiction, but it probably could have benefited from some tighter editing to keep the momentum going through the legal chapters.

Show more
Nuk

I really wanted to love this because the history is so vital, but the writing style felt incredibly distracting to me. Why did we need a paragraph about the 'pretty blonde hair' or 'twinkling blue eyes' of every single person introduced? It felt like the author thought we would only care about their horrific deaths if we knew they were attractive first. Frankly, the constant repetition of 'lip, dip, paint' started to feel like a gimmick after the tenth time it appeared on the page. While the research is undeniably thorough, the narrative voice felt more like a YA novel than a serious historical account of corporate negligence. I appreciate the effort to humanize these workers, but the flowery language and cliffhanger chapter endings really undermined the gravity of the subject matter for me. It is an important story, but I wish it had been written with more professional restraint.

Show more
Show all reviews

Questions about this book

It tells the true story of young American women hired from around 1915 to paint glowing watch dials with radium paint. They were taught to shape their brushes with their lips, swallowed radium daily and fell gravely ill. Moore traces how the women were diagnosed, how they fought in court against two firms, United States Radium Corporation along with Radium Dial Corporation, and what changes in law and workplace safety came afterward.

Lip pointing meant dipping a brush in radium paint and twirling its tip between the lips to get a fine point for painting tiny watch hands. The women did it hundreds of times a day, so they swallowed radium again and again. Moore notes the paint held only small amounts of radium, so without this habit their exposure might have been minor.

Moore describes several tactics. USRC used a hired witness with a PhD in physiology, not a medical degree, to deny radium poisoning, and kept quiet about real experts who blamed radium. The Radium Dial Corporation’s physician arrived an hour early to perform an agreed joint autopsy alone. Lawyers also pushed sick workers into small early settlements that did not cover their medical bills.

In 1938, Catherine Donahue’s case led to the first verdict finding the Radium Dial Corporation guilty of criminal negligence, which the Supreme Court upheld after her death, paving the way for similar cases. The women’s illnesses informed safety measures in the Manhattan Project and were a major reason for creating the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in 1971.

AUDIO SUMMARY AVAILABLE

Listen to The Radium Girls in 15 minutes

Get the key ideas from The Radium Girls by Kate Moore, plus 5,000+ more nonfiction titles.

  • 5,000+ titles
  • Listen as much as you want
  • 7-day free trial
  • Cancel anytime

The Radium Girls

Preview · Full summary 13 min 46 sec
Home

Discover

Open app

Log in