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14 min 41 sec
Available in:English

Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a Complex World

Shows why a handful of clear, memorable rules works better than thick manuals in a complicated world. It also explains how to write, aim and update your own rules for decisions, teamwork, health and business.

Table of Content

If your shelf of advice books has left you with more tips than you can remember and nothing changed, the problem may be how many rules you have, not your discipline. In Simple Rules, strategy professor Donald Sull and Stanford professor Kathleen Eisenhardt argue that a rule you cannot hold in your head is a rule you will not follow. Consider the US tax code. It runs to 3.8 million words, seven times the length of War and Peace, and on average one in three answers from an IRS expert is wrong.

The authors’ answer is a short set of clear guidelines, built for one situation, that point your attention at what matters and leave room for judgment. The idea runs from army hospitals and burglars to improv stages, Netflix and a bowl of snacks. By the end, you will know six kinds of rules, where good ones come from, how to write a few for your own sticking point and when to throw them out.

Several badly wounded patients arrive at once and there is no time to think everything through. The way a doctor decides who goes first shows how to act when the details pile up faster than you can weigh them.

A diet you can recite in a few words, and a painter who kept returning to the same haystacks. Both suggest that limiting yourself may be what lets you do your most original work.

A lone honeybee cannot beat a giant hornet, and a car-sharing company cannot watch every driver. Both rely on something far lighter than a thick contract to get many individuals acting as one.

Burglars, investors using a rule from the Babylonian Talmud and diners in Paris all make good choices with almost no calculation. Each relies on a different kind of rule, and knowing which kind you need changes how you face your next decision.

A BBC announcer reinvented sports commentary, comedians perform with no script, and insomnia gives way to a few plain habits. Three more kinds of rules turn good intentions into better performance.

Tina Fey based hers on her experience with Lorne Michaels, Netflix copied a rival’s, and whale watchers had to bargain for theirs. Where your rules come from decides whether they hold up.

A trading platform and a late-night fridge raid turn out to share the same problem. A three-step method shows where a rule will pay off most, and where it will only waste effort.

Airbnb’s founders built their early rules around the wrong guests, and television writers held to a rule that streaming made pointless. Even rules that once worked well carry an expiry date nobody prints on them.

Simple Rules makes a modest-sounding claim with large consequences. In a complicated world, the people who cope best are not the ones with the most information but the ones with a few well-aimed rules. A doctor with a minute per patient, a burglar watching driveways and a diner in Paris who stops when full all decide well because they ignore almost everything else. Their rules are short enough to remember and loose enough to leave room for judgment. They come from experience, your own or borrowed, and from honest bargaining when others must follow them too. And they expire.

To put this to work, choose one goal where you keep stalling, find the bottleneck, and write two or three rules you could recite from memory. Then return to your rules when your circumstances shift, the way Airbnb did when its guests turned out older than expected.

Monet painted haystacks again and again and found a new way of seeing. A short list, kept and revised, can take you further than a long book of advice you never finish.

About this book

What is this book about?

Most people already have more advice than they can use. Diet plans run for pages, company policies sprawl, and the US tax code is so long that even IRS experts get one answer in three wrong. Donald Sull and Kathleen Eisenhardt argue that the fix is fewer rules. A small set of clear guidelines, built for one specific situation, points attention at what matters and still leaves room for judgment. The authors show simple rules at work in an army hospital, a burglar's choice of house, a Paris dinner table, a BBC sports booth, an improv stage and a car-sharing network. They sort rules into six types: three that help you decide and three that help you perform. Then they turn to practice. Good rules come from your own experience, from people who have solved your problem before and from negotiation when a group must follow them. Readers get a three-step method for writing their own rules: find the action that drives the goal, find the bottleneck that blocks it, and aim the rules there. The book also makes the case for revising those rules, and sometimes breaking them, when circumstances change.

Book Information

Rating:

Genre:

Management & Leadership

Topics:

Decision-Making, Mental Models, Strategic Thinking

Publisher:

HarperCollins

Language:

English

Narrator:

Walter

First published:

March 3, 2015

Pages:

288

Length:

14 min 41 sec

Get the book:

Amazon

Who it's for

  • Professionals wanting fewer rules

    Professionals buried in advice and policies who want a few rules they can actually keep.

  • Founders and team leaders

    Founders and team leads who need a group to coordinate without a thick rulebook.

  • Stuck on personal goals

    Anyone stuck on a personal goal, such as weight, sleep or money, who wants a focused method.

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About the Author

Donald Sull

Donald Sull has taught strategy at MIT Sloan, London Business School and Harvard, after working as a McKinsey consultant and a buyout investor. His theory of active inertia is counted among the influential management ideas of the last century, and he first noticed simple rules while working as a bouncer in a biker bar. Kathleen Eisenhardt is a Stanford professor who co-directs the Stanford Technology Ventures Program. She is known for the Eisenhardt Method of building theory from cases, and she won the Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research in 2012.

Ratings & Reviews

Ratings at a glance

4.2

Overall score based on 43 ratings.

What people think

Listeners find this book an enjoyable read and an efficient tool for addressing complex problems, backed by thorough research and actionable suggestions. They also value its straightforwardness, with one listener mentioning how it clearly delineates when simple rules are appropriate, alongside its pioneering look at decision-making processes. Additionally, the work is lauded for its excellent writing, its ability to entertain, and the broad range of concepts it explores.

Top reviews

Mikael

Ever wonder why some groups flourish in chaos while others are paralyzed by red tape? This book provides a fascinating answer by looking at everything from ER triage to the way locusts move in a swarm. I loved the breakdown of how coordination rules allow for individual flexibility without sacrificing the group's overall objective. Personally, the Michael Pollan examples really resonated because they show how a few words can replace a whole library of complicated advice. The writing is engaging and well-researched, making it feel more like a conversation than a dry textbook. It is an essential guide for anyone overwhelmed by the modern world's complexity. You will definitely walk away with a few new rules for your own bottleneck problems.

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Ket

Wow, I didn't expect a business strategy book to have such a direct impact on my personal life and my daily decision-making. Since reading this, I have applied the boundary rules to my freelance work and it has cleared up so much mental clutter already. Sull and Eisenhardt do a great job of explaining why more is not always better when it comes to guidelines and procedures. The writing style is entertaining and accessible, which makes the academic research go down much smoother than your typical management book. I especially appreciated the distinction between checklists for precision and simple rules for flexibility in unpredictable situations. It is a very practical set of tools for anyone trying to navigate a complicated career.

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Hunter

Looking back at my most successful projects, I realize I was already subconsciously applying many of the frameworks discussed in this book. Sull and Eisenhardt have provided a much-needed vocabulary for why certain shortcuts work so well in the real world. The section on negotiated rules was a standout for me, as it offers a clear path for resolving conflicts within a group before they even start. I loved the variety of examples, from the US Forest Service to Google's hiring practices, because they illustrate how universal these principles are. The book is well-researched and offers a delightful mix of psychology and business strategy. It is a fantastic resource for anyone looking to simplify their life.

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Bank

As someone who handles operations, I found the central thesis about navigating complexity with minimal heuristics to be incredibly refreshing. Sull and Eisenhardt distinguish these shortcuts from rigid checklists, which is a vital distinction for anyone in a fast-paced environment. The concept of boundary rules alone helped me rethink our project selection process by identifying the true bottlenecks. However, the middle section does drag with some obscure corporate examples that didn't quite land for me. Despite that, the practical advice on moving the needle makes this a worthwhile read for leadership. You won't agree with every anecdote, but the framework for crafting your own rules is solid.

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Matteo

The research presented here by Donald Sull and Kathleen Eisenhardt is undeniably cutting-edge, particularly regarding the way we process information in high-stakes environments. They argue convincingly that complex systems do not require complex solutions, a message that feels more relevant every day. I was particularly struck by the stopping rules section. Most of us know how to start things, but we rarely have a framework for when to walk away or cut our losses. The book is delightful to read, filled with diverse examples ranging from DARPA to the White Stripes. To be fair, some case studies feel a bit shoehorned in to fit the authors' categories, but the overall logic is sound. It is a rich set of ideas that offers real, actionable strategies for both personal and professional growth.

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Nook

Picked this up after finishing The Checklist Manifesto and found it to be a perfect companion piece for my professional library. While Gawande focuses on avoiding errors in routine tasks, Sull and Eisenhardt show you how to maintain agility when things get messy. The discussion on coordination rules was particularly eye-opening for our small team's workflow issues. We often overthink our interactions, but a few simple how-to rules have already streamlined our communication significantly. Not gonna lie, some of the corporate case studies in the final third of the book are a bit dry and repetitive. Still, the fundamental process for moving the needle is worth the price of admission alone.

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Nim

Frankly, I expected a more straightforward how-to manual given the title, but what I got was a lengthy taxonomy of rule types. The authors categorize everything into boundary, timing, and stopping rules, which is helpful but sometimes feels like they are over-complicating the idea of simplicity. I did appreciate the bottleneck approach to problem-solving because it is a smart way to focus energy where it actually counts. However, the later chapters on business cases felt repetitive and lacked the punch of the opening sections. It is a decent read, just not the revolutionary guide I was hoping for.

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Thanit

While the core message is undeniably valuable, the execution of the book feels a bit uneven at times. The authors explain that simple rules should be easy to remember and tailored to specific problems, yet the book itself is quite wordy. I enjoyed learning about the triage systems used in emergency rooms as a metaphor for prioritizing life’s demands. It made me realize I have been treating every minor task like a red tag emergency. But, I wish there was more focus on the crafting phase rather than just listing dozens of examples. It is a good book with some great gems, provided you do not mind a little padding.

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Noi

This book suffers from a common ailment in the business genre: a fantastic ten-page article stretched thin into a full-length volume. Truth is, the authors offer a great taxonomy of rules—boundary, prioritizing, and stopping—but they drown these insights in a sea of repetitive stories. I found myself skimming through pages of pointless historical filler just to find the actual meat of the strategy. If you have the patience to dig, there is a useful method here for simplifying your life. Just be prepared for a lot of fluff because it is a classic case of over-explaining a simple, elegant concept.

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Bee

To be fair, the concept of simple rules is elegant and could probably change the way most businesses operate for the better. However, the authors seem to think that every single point requires three different anecdotes to be understood by the reader. I found the stories about Mesopotamian investment and cricket mating habits to be more distracting than they were helpful. It felt like the authors were trying to prove their intelligence rather than actually helping me solve my bottlenecks. If you want the core message, you could probably find a summary online and save yourself several hours. The timing rules were interesting, but not enough to save the experience for me.

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Questions about this book

Donald Sull and Kathleen Eisenhardt argue that in an overwhelmingly complex world, a small set of clear rules tailored to one situation beats long, detailed systems. Simple rules are easy to remember, so people follow them. They also point attention at what matters and leave room for judgment and creativity, from an army doctor’s triage to Michael Pollan’s three-rule diet.

The authors describe three rules for deciding and three for doing. Boundary rules settle yes-or-no choices, prioritizing rules rank options, and stopping rules tell you when to quit. How-to rules guide a task, coordination rules help people react to each other, as in improv’s “Yes, and”, and timing rules tell you when to act, such as the four rules for better sleep.

The book offers three steps. First identify the critical action that drives your goal, then the bottleneck that blocks it, then write rules aimed at that bottleneck. Donald Sull’s example: to lose weight, eat less; his bottleneck was late-night snacking, so his rules are to eat snacks from a small bowl and never stockpile them in the cupboard.

Mostly from experience. Tina Fey turned her years with Lorne Michaels into nine rules for running a comedy show. When your experience is thin, borrow from others, as Netflix did by adapting Blockbuster’s rules, or ask someone who has solved your problem. Rules for groups come from negotiation, like the whale-watching distance rule that scientists, boat owners and tour businesses agreed on.

Yes. The authors warn that rules stop fitting when circumstances change or when they rested on wrong assumptions. Airbnb rewrote its rules after a survey showed its guests were older and wealthier than expected. Some rules must be broken outright: streaming let shows like House of Cards drop the old rule of keeping a stable cast in every episode.

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Simple Rules

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